对功能结合性乙化物及其指定的乙化物-胺基部分对Acanthamoeba sp.的评估. :一个体外生物指标研究
Thivyan Manisekaran1, Wan M Khairul1, Yinn Dorng Foong1
1Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Chemosphere
|September 5, 2024
概括
含有乙化物和胺基的新有机分子对Acanthamoeba sp.表现出毒性. 这突显了电子产品中使用的环境风险,敦促开发更安全的替代品.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 对生物指标的需求不断增长,以评估环境污染和疾病威胁.
- 亚坎他莫巴菌种类 (Acanthamoeba sp.) 的种类. 被确定为环境监测的潜在真核生物生物指标.
- 在电子应用中探索具有 -CC-和 -CHN-部分的功能化有机分子.
研究的目的:
- 评估新型乙化物和混合乙化物-胺基衍生物 (FYD3A,FYD4B,FYD4C) 在Acanthamoeba sp.上的细胞毒性.
- 评估这些分子在电子元件中使用的潜在环境影响.
- 研究这些化合物在Acanthamoeba sp.中诱导的细胞死亡的模式.
主要方法:
- 剂量反应分析和MTT测定以确定IC50值.
- 形态观测和阿克里丁色/酸 (AO/PI) 染色用于细胞死亡的评估.
- 线粒体膜潜力 (MMP) 试验以评估细胞亡.
- 计算分析包括HOMO-LUMO能量差距和MEP.
主要成果:
- 化合物FYD3A,FYD4B和FYD4C表现出显著的增长抑制Acanthamoeba sp. 与IC50值在3.515-3.845微克/毫升之间.
- 观察到的形态变化包括囊,细胞凝结和细胞收缩.
- AO/PI染色显示了死细胞 (红色/色光) 和死细胞 (绿色/黄色光) 的细胞死亡.
- MMP测定表明线粒体膜潜力下降,与亡一致.
结论:
- 具有乙化物和乙化物-胺基部分的功能化有机分子对Acanthamoeba sp.表现出细胞毒性. 通过亡和亡.
- 这些化合物从电子元件中漏可能会造成环境污染风险,影响生态系统.
- 该研究强调需要为技术应用选择对环境安全的功能化有机分子.
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相关概念视频
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines
Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines
Various carboxylic acid derivatives (such as acid chlorides, esters, and anhydrides) can be used for the acylation of amines to yield amides. The reaction requires two equivalents of amines. The first amine molecule functions as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon to produce a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the loss of the leaving group and restoration of the C=O bond.
Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary amide...
Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary amide...
