北方的食旅行长度随着殖民地规模的增加而增加,随着度的减少而减少
Bethany L Clark1,2, Freydís Vigfúsdóttir3,4, Sarah Wanless5
1BirdLife International, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK.
Royal Society open science
|September 5, 2024
概括
密度依赖的竞争影响了北加尼特 (Morus bassanus) 的食. 食努力随着殖民地规模的增加而增加,但随着度的减少而减少,这表明在北方范围的边界上竞争减少.
科学领域:
- 鸟类生态学 鸟类生态学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 人口动态 人口动态
背景情况:
- 对食物的密度依赖的竞争是影响殖民动物食和人口统计的一个关键因素.
- 了解这种竞争在物种的度范围内如何变化至关重要,但人们对此了解甚少.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究北方 (Morus bassanus) 的食之旅特征 (距离和持续时间) 如何与殖民地大小和度发生变化.
- 评估密度依赖竞争对物种度范围内的食行为的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用来自21个北方Gannet殖民地的卫星跟踪数据,占全球殖民地的39%和全球人口的73%.
- 分析了1118个个体在89%的度范围 (46.81-71.23°北) 的食旅行时间和最大距离.
- 与殖民地大小 (138-60,953个繁殖对) 和度相关的食努力,控制跨年环境变化.
主要成果:
- 食旅行的持续时间和最大距离随着殖民地大小的平方根显著增加.
- 食努力在殖民地内部表现出年度间的变化,这与环境变化有关.
- 旅行时间和最大距离随着度的增加而减少,即使考虑到殖民地规模.
结论:
- 结果表明,以密度为依赖的猎物可用性减少会影响北方殖民地大小.
- 极向范围边缘的竞争减少为北方殖民地人口快速增长提供了机制.
- 这表明,由于环境变化,由于竞争动态的变化而导致的极端范围的潜在变化.
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