代际联系在认知衰老中的作用:来自中国纵向研究的证据
Shanshan Hu1,2, Jingjing Ge3, Minglei Fang1,2
1School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Frontiers in public health
|September 5, 2024
概括
代际联系对中年和老年人的认知功能产生了积极的影响,特别是对农村妇女来说. 与一个孩子的频繁接触可能会降低认知功能,而与多个孩子的联系会增强认知功能.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 代际联系对于中年和老年人的福祉至关重要.
- 了解这些关系的细微差别,包括城乡和性别差异,对于认知健康至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往忽视了不同人群中的特定动态.
研究的目的:
- 研究代际联系对45岁及以上成年人认知功能的影响.
- 分析城乡和性别差异如何影响代际联系和认知功能之间的关系.
- 探索特定的相互作用模式 (例如频率,孩子数量) 和它们的差异效应.
主要方法:
- 利用了中国健康与退休长度研究 (CHARLS) 在四个波段 (2011-2018) 的数据.
- 采用了一种交叉滞后面板模型 (CLPM),共有1,480名参与者,结合了横截面和纵向分析.
- 使用电话采访认知状态修改 (TICS-m),单词回忆和模仿绘图来评估认知功能.
主要成果:
- 代际联系,特别是多个孩子,积极预测认知功能 (例如,β=0.044,p<0.031).
- 与一个孩子的频繁沟通对认知功能产生了积极的影响 (例如,β=0.102,p<0.001),而频繁的会议可能会对其产生负面预测 (β=-0.040,p=0.041).
- 在农村的女性参与者中观察到显著的影响,突出了城乡和性别差异.
结论:
- 代际联系在维持中年和老年人的认知功能方面发挥着重要作用.
- 互动的性质和频率,以及涉及的儿童数量,会对认知结果产生不同的影响.
- 这些发现支持"歪曲的代际支持"理论,并强调平衡关系的重要性.
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