克拉产品中的元素杂质 (重金属):对已发表的单个产品分析进行评估
Kimberly Snow Caroti1,2, Alen Joseph1, Amy Sapowadia1
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, USA.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|September 5, 2024
概括
Kratom 产品通常含有有关元素杂质,如和. 较高的每日剂量增加了暴露风险,可能会影响消费者的健康.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 消费者产品安全 产品安全
背景情况:
- 克拉被消费者广泛使用.
- 消费品中的元素杂质可能对健康造成风险.
- 了解从kratom消费中获得的暴露水平至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定不同摄入剂量的不同kratom产品的元素杂质暴露.
- 评估克拉产品的百分比超过了对有毒元素的每日暴露限值.
- 为了比较不同类型的kratom产品 (非提取物,提取物,苏打水) 之间的杂质含量.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自独立第三方实验室测试kratom产品的原始数据.
- 评估的元素杂质包括,,和.
- 基于假设的每日 kratom 摄入剂量 (3g 和 25g) 的计算暴露百分比.
主要成果:
- 在每日25克剂量下,显著比例的kratom产品超过了 (70.6%), (20.6%) 和 (9.4%) 的允许暴露限值.
- 非提取的kratom产品 (粉末,囊,片) 通常含有比提取产品或苏打水更高的元素杂质度.
- 在较高剂量时,也观察到超过了的可容忍上摄入量水平和的临时参考水平.
结论:
- 某些克拉产品含有过高水平的有毒元素杂质,特别是和.
- 增加每日kratom消费增加了超过监管暴露值的风险.
- 由于长期暴露于 kratom 产品中的这些元素杂质,可能会对健康产生不良影响.
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