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相关概念视频

From DNA to Protein03:06

From DNA to Protein

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The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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The Central Dogma01:20

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The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

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Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
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Overview
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A Facile Protocol to Generate Site-Specifically Acetylated Proteins in Escherichia Coli
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基因代码扩展和重编程的工程皮罗素系统.

Daniel L Dunkelmann1,2, Jason W Chin1

  • 1Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England, United Kingdom.

Chemical reviews
|September 5, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

解-tRNA合成酶 (PylRS) /tRNAPyl对已经彻底改变了遗传代码的扩展,使非正规氨基酸 (ncAAs) 在所有生命领域的结合成为可能. 这项技术促进了新的应用和创建多样化的生物分子.

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Site Specific Lysine Acetylation of Histones for Nucleosome Reconstitution using Genetic Code Expansion in Escherichia coli
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Optimizing the Genetic Incorporation of Chemical Probes into GPCRs for Photo-crosslinking Mapping and Bioorthogonal Chemistry in Live Mammalian Cells
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科学领域:

  • 生物化学 生物化学
  • 合成生物学 合成生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 遗传密码的扩展使用了pyrrolysyl-tRNA合成酶 (PylRS) /tRNAPyl对.
  • 这些对具有独特的特性,使得遗传代码的重编程成为可能.
  • 罗素系统推动了该领域的重大进展.

研究的目的:

  • 总结PylRS/tRNA系统的发现和特性.
  • 审查使用PylRS/tRNAPyl对进行遗传密码扩展的开发和应用.
  • 讨论设计PylRS/tRNAPyl对用于新型单体合并和多个ncAAs的策略.

主要方法:

  • 关于PylRS/tRNAPyl对发现和工程的文献综述.
  • 分析在不同生命领域的遗传密码扩展中的应用.
  • 检查各种多种非正规氨基酸 (ncAA) 的结合策略.

主要成果:

  • 已成功开发出PylRS/tRNAPyl对用于各种生物体的遗传密码扩展.
  • 可以使用工程PylRS/tRNAPyl对和直角系统将各种ncAAs纳入.
  • 多个不同的ncAAs可以使用相互直角的PylRS/tRNAPyl对被纳入蛋白质.

结论:

  • PylRS/tRNAPyl对是基因代码扩展和重编程的基础.
  • 该技术可以合成非正规聚合物和宏观循环.
  • 未来的发展有望扩大合成生物学中PylRS/tRNAPyl对的功能.