对模两可的词根的语义访问不能通过附加来阻止 - - 甚至在句子上下文中也不能:来自眼球追踪和迷宫任务的证据
Roberto G de Almeida1, Jordan Gallant2, Caitlyn Antal3
1Department of Psychology, Concordia University.
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
|September 5, 2024
概括
语言理解完全激活了含糊不清的词根的两个含义,即使上下文只暗示一个. 这表明形态处理允许在句子阅读过程中独立访问根含义.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 了解大脑如何处理语言对于解释人类认知至关重要.
- 形容词是语言中最小的有意义单元,在词的识别和理解中起着关键作用.
- 词汇模两可,其中单词有多种含义,对语言处理提出了挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查更高层次的访问一个词的根含义是否受到其较低层次的形态附着的限制.
- 确定语义上模两可的根的两个含义是否在句子阅读时被激活,即使在上下文上不合适.
主要方法:
- 实验1使用眼睛追踪来测量参与者阅读模式,这些参与者接触到含义不明确根源的句子 (例如",bark").
- 实验2使用了迷宫任务来评估由含糊根的上下文无关的含义引起的处理中断.
- 两项实验都使用了精心控制的刺激,包括模两可的根,附加词和上下文相关/无关的目标.
主要成果:
- 眼睛跟踪数据显示,与含糊的根的任何意义相关的目标之间的处理没有差异,这表明双重激活.
- 两个根相关目标的阅读时间都比上下文适当的 (cloze) 目标慢,但比无关的目标更快.
- 迷宫任务显示,当参与者遇到与模两可的根的两种含义相关的分心因素时,会出现干扰,支持双重激活.
结论:
- 单词识别和词汇访问涉及将根从附加词分开,允许独立和详尽地访问根含义.
- 形态解析允许激活所有潜在的根含义,不论是上下文约束或附加.
- 这些发现有助于我们更好地理解词汇模两可的解决方案以及语言理解背后的复杂过程.
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