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相关概念视频

Toxicokinetics: Overview01:21

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Studies that assess how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME) at toxic doses are termed toxicokinetics. Understanding toxicokinetics helps predict adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and manage toxicity in humans.Toxicokinetics differs from pharmacokinetics mainly in the dose levels studied, with toxicokinetics focusing on higher toxic doses. The kinetics at these levels can be non-linear due to altered physiological processes. Toxicodynamics examines the relationship...
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Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

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Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
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一种新的方法来对三醇杀菌剂风险进行表征:桥梁人类生物监测和计算毒理学.

Luiz P A Marciano1, Nicole Kleinstreuer2, Xiaoqing Chang3

  • 1Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Department of clinical and toxicological analysis, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

巴西农场工人接触过三醇杀菌剂,他们的丸激素水平降低,与代谢标志物有显著的关联. 计算毒理学证实了风险,突出了epoxiconazole的风险.

关键词:
生物标志物 生物标志物计算毒理学计算毒理学风险投资评估 风险投资评估在IVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIVIV这个名字是NAM NAM.风险评估 风险评估 风险评估

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科学领域:

  • 环境毒理学环境毒理学
  • 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
  • 计算毒理学计算毒理学

背景情况:

  • 巴西的咖啡生产严重依赖农药,包括三类杀菌剂,造成健康和环境风险.
  • 已知三醇杀菌剂会干扰哺乳动物CYP450和肝脏微小酶,影响激素调节.
  • 评估人类暴露风险需要综合方法,将生物监测和计算毒理学结合起来.

研究的目的:

  • 描述巴西咖啡农场工人暴露于三醇真菌杀菌剂对人类健康的风险.
  • 建立一个风险表征框架,使用内部剂量生物监测和生物化学标记.
  • 将高通量查 (HTS) 数据与计算毒理学工作流程集成.

主要方法:

  • 在农村农民和城市对手的尿样中对三类杀菌剂 (cyproconazole,epoxiconazole,triadimenol) 的生物监测.
  • 测量血清激素水平 (androstenedione,) 和代谢标记物 (胆固醇,葡萄糖,脂质).
  • 集成化学环境 (ICE) 工作流程与体外HTS数据的应用,以及体外到体外抽取 (IVIVE) 模型的应用.

主要成果:

  • 在农村群体的尿液中检测到三醇杀菌剂;农场工人的丸激素水平显著降低.
  • 降低的水平与胆固醇,LDL,VLDL,甘油三,葡萄糖有显著的反向关联,与高密度胆固醇有直接关联.
  • HTS数据证实了与类固醇激素代谢和CYP450酶相关的生物活性,支持在相关暴露水平下观察到的健康影响.

结论:

  • 职业和环境暴露于三醇杀菌剂显著影响人类健康,特别是类固醇激素水平.
  • 由于高频率和强度,埃波西可纳暴露对人类健康构成潜在的重大风险.
  • 生物监测和计算毒理学对于评估农药暴露和减轻健康风险至关重要.