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相关概念视频

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

92
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

338
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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功能性大脑连接的改变与发育性失能症相关.

Roger Mateu-Estivill1,2, Ana Adan1,2, Sergi Grau3

  • 1Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
|September 6, 2024
PubMed
概括

患有发育性计算障碍 (DD) 的儿童在极和大脑网络之间显示出改变的静止状态功能连接 (rs-FC). 这凸显了这些神经网络对算术发展的重要性.

关键词:
在DMN DMN中使用.这是一个SMNSMN.发育性计算障碍症的发生.早期的童年 早期的童年fc-MVPAPA 的使用情况.数学上的困难.rs-FMRI 是一个

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 发展心理学 发展心理学
  • 认知科学 认知科学

背景情况:

  • 休息神经网络在神经和精神疾病中越来越多地被研究.
  • 之前的研究表明,在dyscalculia中,默认模式网络 (DMN) 的变化.
  • 在发育失能症 (DD) 中休息状态网络的研究有限.

研究的目的:

  • 检查DD儿童休息状态功能连接 (rs-FC) 的差异.
  • 利用功能连接多变量模式分析 (fc-MVPA) 来分析整个大脑连接组.
  • 调查静态网络在数值技能发展中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 在静止状态fMRI数据上执行fc-MVPA.
  • 样本包括19名DD儿童 (平均年龄8.06岁) 和23名典型发育的对照儿童 (平均年龄7.76岁).
  • 年龄和性别在各组之间相匹配.

主要成果:

  • 在各组之间发现了连接概况的显著差异.
  • 差异局部化为中间状回路 (右和左) 中的集群.
  • 患有DD的儿童在极和DMN之间表现出降低的rs-FC,并在极和感觉运动网络之间增加rs-FC.

结论:

  • 在DD儿童中观察到的静止状态网络之间的异常信息流.
  • 这些发现强调了这些神经网络对算术发展的重要性.
  • 建议在发育障碍症中进行干预的潜在目标.