医疗补助适应极端高温:不断发展的国家对家庭空调的覆盖范围
Jenny L Keroack1, Alene Kennedy-Hendricks2, Peter J Winch1
1International Health Department, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Environmental health insights
|September 6, 2024
概括
医疗补助正越来越多地覆盖空调,以帮助弱势群体应对极端高温事件. 然而,不一致的计费代码阻碍了跟踪政策的有效性和跨州的覆盖.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 气候变化加剧了极端高温,增加了健康风险,特别是对弱势群体.
- 医疗补助受益者不成比例地受到极端高温的影响,可能会从冷却干预中受益.
- 从历史上看,医疗补助计划没有涵盖空调,这是缓解与热有关的疾病的关键工具.
研究的目的:
- 检查州医疗补助计划中空调覆盖范围的不断变化的格局.
- 确定各州用于提供空调效益的方法.
- 突出监测这些政策的实施和有效性的障碍.
主要方法:
- 分析州医疗补助计划提供的空调保险福利.
- 对用于覆盖的豁免类型 (例如,部分1115) 的审查.
- 检查所涵盖设备的变化,提供频率和计费做法.
主要成果:
- 目前有13个州通过医疗补助计划提供空调保险,另外还有两个申请待办.
- 大多数州都使用社会保障法豁免,其中第1115条豁免提供了更大的灵活性.
- 覆盖设备,供应频率和计费代码在各州之间存在显著差异.
结论:
- 国家医疗补助计划越来越多地采用空调覆盖,以应对极端高温的健康风险.
- 缺乏标准化的计费代码对监测政策有效性和公平实施构成重大障碍.
- 需要进一步的研究和标准化的跟踪机制,以优化对弱势群体的空调覆盖政策.
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