24个月的努力控制预测了新兴的自闭症特征
Roisin C Perry1,2, Mark H Johnson2,3, Tony Charman4
1IOE, UCL's Faculty of Education and Society, London, UK.
Developmental science
|September 6, 2024
概括
婴儿努力控制技能预测到3岁时的自闭症特征,特别是在有家族病史的人群中. 感官运动技能也起着作用,特别是当努力控制较低时.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 纵向研究对于了解神经发育状况的发展轨迹至关重要.
- 早期识别自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 风险因素可以为早期干预策略提供信息.
- 感官运动和努力控制技能被认为是神经发育研究中的潜在早期指标.
研究的目的:
- 研究婴儿的感觉运动和精力控制技能与自闭症特征的出现之间的纵向关系.
- 检查这些技能对3岁自闭症特征的预测能力.
- 探索家庭概率和社会经济因素对这些发展途径的影响.
主要方法:
- 340名婴儿 (240名家庭自闭症可能性较高) 的长度研究,评估时间为4-36个月.
- 利用家长报告的气质 (努力控制) 和认知/感官运动评估 (早期学习的穆伦尺度).
- 采用随机拦截交叉滞后面板建模和多重回归分析来检查技能关系和预测有效性.
主要成果:
- 从12-15个月开始,感官运动技能纵向预测了努力控制.
- 从婴儿期开始的努力控制技能预测了36个月的自闭症特征,随着年龄的增长而增强.
- 努力控制在患有自闭症家族风险较高的婴儿中是一个更强的预测因素,感官运动技能与努力控制相互作用.
结论:
- 早期的努力控制技能是以后自闭症特征的重要预测因素,特别是在高风险婴儿中.
- 感觉运动和精力控制技能之间的相互作用可能在自闭症表型的出现中至关重要.
- 这些发现支持发展级联和前置修饰器等理论框架,以了解神经发育轨迹.
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