预防未来的动物感染:SARS-CoV-2突变增强了人类和动物之间的交叉传播
JunJie Wee1, Jiahui Chen2, Guo-Wei Wei3
1Department of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Computers in biology and medicine
|September 7, 2024
概括
SARS-CoV-2 的演变增加了人类的感染力,但不一定是动物传播. 受体结合域 (RBD) 中的关键突变可能会增强跨物种的病毒传播.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 冠状病毒 (COVID-19) 流行病的特点是SARS-CoV-2的快速演变,导致变种增加了人类的传染性.
- 增强人类感染力的适应可能不会直接转化为增加动物传播潜力.
- 了解跨物种的病毒演变对于疫情准备和"一健康"倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究有利于动物宿主的病毒适应和增加人类传染性之间的关系.
- 确定特定的SARS-CoV-2受体结合域 (RBD) 突变,增强人类和动物之间的交叉传播.
- 探索功能获取突变的潜力,以促进动物宿主适应后的快速病毒进化.
主要方法:
- 开发和应用一个多任务深度学习模型,MT-TopLap.
- 在多个深度突变扫描数据集上训练模型.
- 预测各种物种 (人类,猫,蝙蝠,鹿,仓鼠) 中SARS-CoV-2 RBD突变到ACE2的结合自由能量变化.
主要成果:
- 确定影响跨物种传播能力的关键RBD突变.
- 突出了Q498H (SARS-CoV-2) 和R493K (BA.2变种) 等特定突变.
- 该模型准确地预测了结合的自由能量变化,促进了高风险突变的识别.
结论:
- 病毒对动物宿主的适应不一定与人类感染率的增加有关.
- 某些RBD突变显著增加了人类-动物SARS-CoV-2交叉传播的可能性.
- MT-TopLap模型为预测病毒适应和跨物种传播风险提供了有价值的工具.
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