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欧米茄-3多不和脂肪酸作为近视的保护因素

Can Can Xue¹, Hengtong Li², Xing-Xuan Dong³

¹From the Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre (C.C.X., M.Y., Z.D.S., C.C., S.M.S., Y.-C.T., C.-Y.C.), Singapore.

American journal of ophthalmology

|September 7, 2024

概括

含有较高的欧米茄-3脂肪酸,包括多可沙赫酸 (DHA),可能会降低近视风险. 这项研究使用了门德尔的随机化来分析遗传数据,这表明可能与胸腔血流相关的保护作用.

科学领域:

眼科和视觉科学眼科和视觉科学
营养科学营养科学
遗传学和流行病学

背景情况:

动物研究表明,omega-3多不和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 可能通过影响胆道血流来预防近视.
支持omega-3PUFAs在近视预防中的作用的临床证据有限且不一致.
门德尔的随机化 (MR) 提供了一种方法来研究使用遗传变异的因果关系.

研究的目的:

为了确定omega-3多不和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 和近视之间的因果关系.
评估血中脂肪酸含量较高的遗传倾向及其与折射误差和轴长度的关联.

主要方法:

进行了对两个样本的门德尔随机化 (MR) 分析.
与18种与脂肪酸相关的特征相关的遗传变异被用作仪器变量.
分析了全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 的折射误差 (球体等效折射,SER),轴长和胸腔厚度的数据.

主要成果:

较高的基因预测水平的omega-3脂肪酸,多可萨赫酸 (DHA) 和相关的比率与更积极的SER有关,表明近视的风险较低.
对于轴长度也观察到类似的趋势,尽管意义是边界的.
增加的omega-3水平,DHA和其他PUFA相关的特征是名义上与增加的胸膜厚度相关的.

结论:

这些发现表明,欧米茄-3脂肪酸,特别是DHA,对近视有潜在的保护作用.
该机制可能包括调节胆道血 perfusion.
需要进一步的随机临床试验来证实这些发现,并确定最佳剂量和持续时间.

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