认知参与的体育活动干预对儿童和青少年执行功能的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Fan Mao1,2, Fang Huang3, Shan Zhao1
1School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Frontiers in psychology
|September 9, 2024
概括
认知参与体力活动 (PA) 显著改善执行功能 (EF),如儿童和青少年的抑制控制和工作记忆. 有效的干预措施涉及更长的持续时间,更高的频率和更长的会议长度,以获得最佳的结果.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 对儿童和青少年的认知发展至关重要.
- 包含认知挑战的体力活动 (PA) 干预措施可能会增强EF.
- 现有的研究缺乏对这些综合干预措施的全面综合.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析认知参与PA对青少年EF的影响.
- 确定最佳的干预特征 (模式,持续时间,频率,会话长度) 以增强EF.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行系统审查和元分析.
- 搜索了主要的数据库 (PubMed,SPORTDiscus,Embase,Web of Science) 进行了搜索.
- 包括健康儿童/青少年的随机对照试验 (RCT),分析标准化平均差异 (SMD).
主要成果:
- 包括23个具有2,857名参与者的RCT.
- 认知参与的PA对整体EF产生了显著的积极影响 (SMD = 0.32).
- 在抑制控制 (SMD = 0.35) 和工作记忆 (SMD = 0.34) 中注意到了改善.
结论:
- 认知参与的PA干预措施有效地提高了儿童和青少年的EF.
- 长于6周的干预,每次>20分钟,每周>2次,是最有效的.
- 研究结果支持将认知元素整合到PA中,以改善教育和发展环境中的EF.
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