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相关概念视频

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

7.0K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
7.0K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

7.1K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
7.1K
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

28
Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH...
28
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

23
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence...
23
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

26
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor,...
26
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

26
Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
26

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相关实验视频

Updated: May 5, 2026

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
03:55

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

492

甲状腺相关眼科医症的特定静态和动态功能网络连接变化及其使用机器学习的预测值.

Hao Liu1, Yu-Lin Zhong2, Xin Huang2

  • 1School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.

Frontiers in neuroscience
|September 9, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

甲状腺相关的眼科医疗 (TAO) 改变了大脑的连接,特别是在视觉和认知网络. 这些发现突出了TAO中理解和治疗中枢神经系统影响的潜在神经点.

关键词:
功能连接性的功能连接性功能网络连接性的功能网络连接.独立组件分析独立组件分析静止状态网络网络的静止状态甲状腺相关的眼科病变

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A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
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A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

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Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
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Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

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A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
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A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

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Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
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科学领域:

  • 神经成像是一种神经成像.
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 自免疫性疾病 自免疫性疾病

背景情况:

  • 甲状腺相关眼病 (TAO) 是一种自身免疫性疾病,导致眼睛和中枢神经系统症状,包括认知缺陷.
  • 以前的研究表明TAO患者的大脑异常,但静态和动态功能网络连接的变化仍未被探索.

研究的目的:

  • 研究TAO患者的静态功能网络连接 (sFNC) 和动态功能网络连接 (dFNC) 的变化.
  • 使用独立组件分析 (ICA) 识别TAO潜在的神经成像生物标志物.

主要方法:

  • 休息状态功能磁共振成像 (rs-fMRI) 对32名TAO患者和30名健康对照进行.
  • 使用独立组件分析 (ICA) 来分析sFNC和dFNC模式.

主要成果:

  • 在TAO患者中,视觉和认知网络的网络内连接性发生变化,背部注意力 (DAN),默认模式 (DMN) 和执行控制网络 (ECN) 的连接性下降.
  • 在TAO患者中,视觉 (VN),小脑 (CN) 和高级认知网络之间观察到减少的网络间连接.
  • 动态功能网络连接 (dFNC) 分析揭示了广泛的异常,DMN和低级网络之间的连接增加了补偿.
  • 基于功能连接 (FC) 的支持矢量机器 (SVM) 模型有效地将TAO患者与HC区分开来.

结论:

  • 视觉和高级认知网络的显著改变是TAO的特征.
  • 这些发现提高了对TAO背后的神经机制的理解,并建议未来研究中枢神经系统表现的潜在目标.