在线AARS:关于氨基酸-tRNA合成酶的结构,功能和演变的协作数据库
Jordan Douglas1,2, Haissi Cui3, John J Perona4
1Department of Physics, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
IUBMB life
|September 9, 2024
概括
氨基酸-tRNA合成酶 (aaRS) 是基因代码实现的关键酶. AARS在线是一个新的交互工具,可以组织有关这些酶的知识,帮助研究人员和非专家.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 氨基酸-tRNA合成酶 (aaRS) 是一种必需的酶,它将氨基酸与相应的tRNA连接在一起,在蛋白质合成中发挥关键作用.
- 这些酶表现出基本氨基化以外的多种功能,并与各种遗传疾病有关.
- 在不同的生物和蛋白质中,aaRS的结构和功能特征在不同生物和蛋白质之间有很大差异.
研究的目的:
- 推出AARS在线,这是一个交互式,专家策划的平台,用于探索氨基酸-tRNA合成酶.
- 通过呈现各种序列和结构来系统化对aaRS的现有知识.
- 为了促进专家和非专家对蛋白质序列结构关系的探索.
主要方法:
- 开发一个互动的,类似于维基百科的在线工具 (AARS在线).
- 从分类学上不同的aaRS序列和结构的精心挑选.
- 实现图形用户界面,以无地探索蛋白质数据.
- 包括用于提取精选的多个序列对齐的特征.
主要成果:
- AARS在线提供了关于氨基酸-tRNA合成酶的信息的集中和有组织的仓库.
- 该平台可以在蛋白质序列和结构数据之间轻松导航.
- 用户可以访问精选的多个序列对齐以进行进一步的研究.
结论:
- 亚尔斯在线作为一个有价值的,科学界的免费资源,研究氨基酸-tRNA合成酶.
- 该工具使对aaRS复杂信息的访问获得民主化,支持新手和经验丰富的研究人员.
- 该平台增强对aaRS本体学及其在生物系统中的作用的理解.
相关概念视频
tRNA Activation
19.1K
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
19.1K
RNA Structure
4.7K
The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
4.7K
Transfer RNA Synthesis
11.9K
One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
11.9K
Conserved Binding Sites
4.2K
Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally...
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally...
4.2K
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
13.1K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
13.1K
Nucleic Acid Structure
6.1K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
DNA Structure
DNA...
6.1K


