使用第一天早上的禁食点尿来评估通常的盐摄入量:对PURE研究数据的二次分析
Rachael M McLean1, Jing Song2, Changqiong Wang2
1Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Journal of hypertension
|September 9, 2024
概括
使用点滴尿样估计通常的盐摄入量对于健康研究来说是不可靠的. 晨尿样本,像随机样本一样,导致重大错误,使其不适合评估食盐和长期健康结果.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 临床化学 临床化学
背景情况:
- 准确评估通常的盐摄入量对于观察性研究将饮食与长期健康联系起来至关重要.
- 衡量个人盐摄入量的黄金标准是多次24小时尿液收集中的分泌量.
- 之前的研究表明,随机点滴尿样不适用于估计通常的盐摄入量.
研究的目的:
- 评估使用早晨点尿样和已确定的公式来估计通常的盐摄入量的有效性.
- 为了将这些估计与多次24小时尿液收集的黄金标准方法进行比较.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自PURE中国验证研究的公开数据.
- 通过使用三个已发表的公式,与两个24小时尿样 (参考) 的平均值比较了从早晨点尿中估计的盐摄入量.
- 分析了绝对和相对错误,四分位数分类的准确性,并使用布兰德-阿尔特曼图表来评估一致性.
主要成果:
- 所有基于公式的估计,这些估计来自点滴尿液采集,包括早晨的样本,与参考方法相比,具有很高的随机和系统错误率.
- 对于个人估计和参考盐摄入量四分位数的误差率是显著的.
- 该研究明确表明,早晨点滴尿样不适用于估计通常的盐摄入量.
结论:
- 这些发现强烈支持国际建议,反对使用点滴尿样和估计方程来评估与健康结果相关的个人盐摄入量.
- 应该阻止研究资助,进行和发表依赖现场尿液评估盐摄入量的研究.
- 在营养流行病学中,点滴尿样不是24小时收集的有效替代品.
相关概念视频
01:15Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients
Bioavailability studies are essential for evaluating a drug's therapeutic efficacy and understanding its absorption patterns under various physiological conditions. Conducting such studies on target patient populations provides more relevant data by simulating real-world disease states. However, practical challenges often necessitate the use of young, healthy adult volunteers as study subjects.Patients may exhibit altered drug absorption patterns due to the effects of the disease itself,...
01:28Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...
01:29Urine Studies I: Urinalysis
Urinalysis is a widely used diagnostic test that analyzes urine's physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics. Healthcare providers use it to detect and monitor various health conditions, including renal disease, urinary tract infections (UTIs), diabetes, and metabolic or systemic disorders.Components of UrinalysisUrinalysis consists of three primary components: physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Each provides unique insights into the urine sample and, by extension, the...
01:24Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests
Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.