不同的COVID-19序列疫苗接种引起的多种BCR使用和T细胞激活
Junxiang Wang1, Kaiyi Li1, Yuan Wang1
1State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
mBio
|September 9, 2024
概括
不同的COVID-19疫苗策略引起了不同的SARS-CoV-2抗体配置和T/B细胞反应. 连续接种疫苗会影响B细胞受体使用和T细胞分化,影响免疫保护机制.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 关于SARS-CoV-2特定抗体宽度和T细胞在各种COVID-19顺序疫苗接种策略中的分化,人们的理解有限.
- 将mRNA,腺病毒载体和重组蛋白质疫苗的第三剂量免疫性进行比较对于优化疫苗接种方案至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较顺序mRNA (I-I-M),腺病毒载体 (I-I-A) 和重组蛋白 (I-I-R) COVID-19疫苗策略的免疫性.
- 分析抗体反应大小和范围的差异,以及SARS-CoV-2特定的T和B细胞分化.
- 根据免疫反应概况,提供指导未来疫苗接种策略选择的见解.
主要方法:
- 一个单一的临床试验队列接受了mRNA,腺病毒载体或复合蛋白COVID-19疫苗的连续接种.
- 样品在同一实验室进行评估,以确保一致性.
- 分析包括主导B细胞受体 (BCR) 的使用,RBD+B细胞激活,调节性T细胞,循环T毛囊辅助细胞 (cTFH) 和病毒特异性的CD4+T细胞反应.
主要成果:
- 对于每个疫苗接种策略 (IGHV1-69用于I-I-M,IGHV3-9用于I-I-A,IGHV4-34用于I-I-R) 观察到明显的主导BCR使用,与可比的RBD+B细胞激活.
- 与I-I-M和I-I-A相比,I-I-R组显示出更高的调节性T细胞,各种cTFH子集和较低的T细胞增殖能力.
- 与I-I-R组相比,I-I-A组的病毒特异性CD4+T细胞比例和数量更高.
结论:
- 顺序的COVID-19疫苗接种策略诱导了不同的SARS-CoV-2特定抗体配置文件,BCR使用和T/B细胞激活模式.
- 再组合蛋白质疫苗以不同的方式调节T细胞种群,而腺病毒载体疫苗则增强病毒特异性的CD4+T细胞反应.
- 这些发现提供了对疫苗有效性的免疫机制的宝贵见解,并为未来的疫苗接种策略选择提供了信息.
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