评估野生鸟类在贸易中的全球流行情况
Paul F Donald1,2, Eresha Fernando1,3, Lauren Brown4
1BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK.
概括
全球鸟类贸易威胁着许多物种,但数据是零碎的. 这项研究制定了贸易流行指数,以识别面临风险的鸟类物种和贸易热点,为保护工作提供信息.
科学领域:
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物贸易研究 野生动物贸易研究
背景情况:
- 全球野生动物贸易对众多物种构成重大威胁,但对贸易流行及其影响的综合数据仍然有限.
- 了解哪些鸟类受贸易影响最大,对于有效的保护和政策制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化和绘制全球贸易中鸟类种类的相对流行情况.
- 为了确定由于贸易而面临特别风险的鸟类物种和群体.
- 评估不同数据集在识别交易物种中的一致性.
主要方法:
- 利用贸易中鸟类的七个全球数据集,为所有鸟类类开发贸易流行率得分.
- 使用文献搜索和对大量交易物种的调查验证了得分.
- 模拟得分以确定贸易流行的预测因素,并分析交易物种的地理分布.
主要成果:
- 在不同贸易数据集之间发现了统计学上很强的一致性.
- 贸易流行率得分有效地确定了大量和不可持续地交易的物种.
- 在全球范围内,45.1%的所有鸟类物种和36.7%的危物种的贸易流行指数为1或更高.
- 在CITES附录中列出的物种,分布广泛的物种和非游客物种的贸易流行率较高.
- 像猎类和类这样的特定类有较高的平均贸易普及率,而类有最多的贸易物种.
- 贸易物种的地理热点在鸟 (东南亚,欧亚洲) 和非鸟 (南美,非洲,印度) 之间有所不同.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了第一个全球量化和绘制鸟类物种在贸易中的流行情况的地图.
- 这些发现突出了对贸易影响最脆弱的特定物种,群体和地区.
- 开发的贸易流行率得分可以为有针对性的保护战略和政策干预提供信息,以减轻鸟类贸易的不利影响.
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