Prokaryotic 类的动态历史:发现,多样性和分裂
1Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology
|September 9, 2024
概括
Prokaryotic 类别的分类已经从基于表型的演变为基于类型的,最近的进展使得许多候选类型的识别成为可能. 关于它们的分类学稳定性和生态意义的争论仍在继续.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 人类遗传学 是一个学科.
- 纳税学是一种分类学.
背景情况:
- 从早期的表型分类到基于分子数据的现代遗传学方法, prokaryotic phyla 的概念已经显著发展.
- Prokaryotic 类型相对最近 (2021) 正式引入命名法,导致新名称的出版和随后的科学辩论.
- Prokaryotic 类的识别和分类已经通过分子条形码和元基因组组装基因组进行了革命,使得未培养的生物体的研究成为可能.
研究的目的:
- 为了回顾 prokaryotic phyla 分类的动态历史和演变.
- 讨论 prokaryotic phyla 识别和命名的挑战和进展.
- 探索围绕 prokaryotic phyla 的分类学和生态意义的持续辩论.
主要方法:
- 历史分类学概念的审查 (达尔文,海克尔,沃斯).
- 分析微生物生态系统研究的分子条形码和遗传学分析.
- 对元基因组组装基因组进行检查,以识别和分类未培养的类.
- 评估数据库框架,如基因组分类数据库 (GTDB).
主要成果:
- 自2021年以来,已有效发表了46个 prokaryotic 类,许多候选类通过培养独立的方法确定.
- "候选人"名称的使用普遍用于未培养的类型,这些类型现在数量超过了具有有效发表名称的类型.
- GTDB提供了一个标准化的分类学,影响了现有类的结合和分裂,并刺激了以前没有命名的类的命名.
结论:
- Prokaryotic 类别分类仍然充满活力,关于分类学稳定性和类别的定义正在进行辩论.
- 尽管存在挑战,但 prokaryotic phyla 对于微生物组分析至关重要,特别是在临床研究中.
- 未来的研究机会丰富在探索基因组多样性,生态角色和候选 prokaryotic phyla 的环境.
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