社会支持作为死亡率预测指标:南非农村的一个队列研究
David Kapaon1, Carlos Riumallo-Herl2,3, Elyse Jennings1
1Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
PLOS global public health
|September 9, 2024
概括
这项研究发现,在南非农村,社会支持与死亡率有积极的关联. 这些发现表明,在这种特定的社会经济背景下,社会支持可能不是死亡风险的重要因素.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 社会支持对死亡率的影响在高收入国家得到了充分记录,但在各种社会经济环境中人们对其理解较少.
- 对资源有限的农村地区的社会支持和死亡率的研究是有限的.
- 了解这些动态对于制定有针对性的健康干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究四个社会支持领域 (情感,身体,财务,信息) 与南非农村老年人死亡率之间的关联.
- 研究社会经济背景如何影响社会支持与死亡率之间的关系.
- 为了确定年龄和性别对这种关系的潜在影响修改.
主要方法:
- 在南非Mpumalanga农村的5059名40岁以上的人群中,使用基线调查和纵向死亡率数据 (HAALSI研究) 进行了分析.
- 社会支持的四个领域被衡量,基于自我报告的来自密切联系者的支持频率.
- 考克斯的比例危险模型被用来评估社会支持对死亡率的影响,控制混因素,并检查因年龄和性别而改变效果.
主要成果:
- 四个社会支持领域中的每一个都显示出与死亡率的微小积极关联.
- 支持标准偏差的危险比率在1.04 (金融) 到1.09 (信息) 之间.
- 这些关联在女性和队列中的年轻人中经常更强.
结论:
- 在这个南非农村环境中,基线社会支持与死亡率有积极关联.
- 调查结果表明,社会支持可能没有达到缓冲死亡率的门,或者使用的措施没有捕捉到支持的相关方面.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索其他解释,例如反映先前发病率的社会支持措施.
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