来自国家COVID-19队列协作和研究COVID的开放健康自然语言处理工具包的案例演示,以增强COVID-19或SARS CoV-2感染的急性后续的自然语言处理系统的恢复程序:算法开发和验证
Andrew Wen1,2, Liwei Wang1,2, Huan He1
1Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
JMIR medical informatics
|September 9, 2024
概括
开发用于COVID-19和PASC迹象/症状的NLP是具有挑战性的,因为新兴的概念. 这项研究提出了一种混合NLP方法,以有效地提取这些关键的临床细节.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
背景情况:
- 临床叙述包含重要的患者信息,引发了对临床自然语言处理 (NLP) 的兴趣.
- 现有的NLP算法开发面临局限性,特别是对于新兴的临床概念,如COVID-19和SARS-CoV-2感染 (PASC) 的急性后果.
研究的目的:
- 为新兴临床概念确定当前NLP算法开发中的局限性.
- 提出一种新的NLP方法来提取COVID-19和PASC的迹象和症状.
主要方法:
- 利用现有的PASC研究来定义最初的概念列表.
- 采用统一医疗语言系统来扩大弱注释的词典.
- 开发了一种微调的NLP算法,经过专家审查,并将其部署在多个站点上进行联合评估.
主要成果:
- 创建了一个NLP算法,有12,234个独特的规范化文本字符串和2366个独特的概念.
- 在5个评估站点实现了77.8%的未加权平均字典覆盖率.
结论:
- 由于PASC的动态性,因此需要先进的NLP开发方法.
- 混合NLP策略,结合基于词典的弱标签和专家微调,有效地解决提取新出现的临床信息的挑战.
相关概念视频
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
Documentation in Long-Term and Home Healthcare Setting
Documentation in long-term care facilities and home healthcare settings is crucial for ensuring continuous, coordinated, and comprehensive care for patients. Each setting has its specific documentation processes and tools:
Long-Term Care Facilities
Long-Term Care Facilities
Investigation of Disease Outbreaks
Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...


