改善2型糖尿病工作年龄 (18-60岁) 人体活动水平的干预措施和行为改变技术:系统性审查和网络元分析
Xiaoyan Zhao1, Angus Forbes1, Haya Abu Ghazaleh1
1Care for Long Term Conditions Division, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.
身体活动干预措施显著改善了身体活动,并在患有2型糖尿病的劳动年龄成人中降低了HbA1c. 心理方法与行为变化技术相结合,显示出管理这种情况的最有前途的方法.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为医学是一种行为医学.
背景情况:
- 在工作年龄的成年人中,2型糖尿病的患病率正在上升,造成了重大的社会负担.
- 身体活动对于糖尿病管理至关重要,但对这一群体的最佳促进策略尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估和比较旨在增加2型糖尿病诊断的劳动年龄成人体育活动的干预措施的有效性.
主要方法:
- 系统性审查和对52项随机对照试验 (RCT) 的元分析,这些试验已公布至2023年4月30日.
- 包括以教育,培训或行为干预为重点的RCT,以促进18-60岁的2型糖尿病成年人的体力活动.
- 网络元分析和子组分析被用来综合有关身体活动和糖化血红蛋白A1c (HbA1c) 水平的发现.
主要成果:
- 身体活动干预措施显著改善了客观测量 (SMD 0.77) 和自我报告的身体活动 (SMD 0.88).
- 这些干预措施观察到HbA1c (MD -0.50%) 临床上有意义的减少.
- 心理干预表明对整体身体活动的影响最大,而教育干预对客观测量的活动最有效. 特定的行为改变技巧,如目标设定和提示/提示与降低HbA1c相关.
结论:
- 结合行为变化技术的心理学知情教育似乎是最有效的增强体育活动和血糖控制在劳动年龄的成年人2型糖尿病.
- 干预设计应考虑交付方式,设置和促进者类型,以获得促进身体活动和管理2型糖尿病的最佳结果.
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