免疫治疗的多能途径
Mame P Diop1, Sjoukje J C van der Stegen1
1Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
Experimental hematology
|September 9, 2024
概括
诱导多能干细胞 (iPSCs) 提供了一种可再生的来源,用于产生各种免疫细胞,用于采用细胞疗法 (ACT). 这种方法克服了自身细胞采集的局限性,使新的癌症治疗成为可能.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物技术是生物技术.
背景情况:
- 采用细胞疗法 (ACT) 利用患者的免疫细胞来对抗癌症.
- 目前的ACT方法,包括基于CAR的疗法,看起来很有前途,但由于它们的自主性质,它们面临着可访问性问题.
- 在从外围血液中获得和设计足够的免疫细胞以进行有效的ACT方面存在局限性.
研究的目的:
- 探索诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 作为ACT中免疫细胞生成的替代来源的潜力.
- 通过iPSC技术突出了ACT可用的免疫细胞类型的扩展.
- 讨论基于iPSC的基因编辑对开发先进的ACT策略的优势.
主要方法:
- 在体外从诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 中生成各种免疫细胞子集.
- 这些iPSC衍生的免疫细胞在采用细胞疗法 (ACT) 模型中的应用.
- 在分化之前,在iPSC层面使用多重基因编辑.
主要成果:
- 从iPSC成功分化了多种免疫细胞类型,包括T细胞子集 (αβT,粘膜相关不变T,不变NKT[iNKT], γδT),NK细胞,巨细胞和中性粒细胞.
- 从iPSC衍生的αβT,NK和iNKT细胞目前正在进行I期临床试验.
- 证明了iPSC基因编辑的可行性,以增强ACT的效应细胞功能.
结论:
- 诱导多能干细胞 (iPSCs) 提供了一个可扩展和多功能平台,用于产生用于采用细胞疗法 (ACT) 的免疫效应细胞.
- iPSC技术克服了自身细胞采购的局限性,并使新型的工程细胞疗法的开发成为可能.
- 这种方法扩大了ACT的细胞库,并促进了从外围血液中无法轻松获得的细胞类型的产生.
相关概念视频
01:06Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
4.0K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
Somatic...
4.0K
01:22iPS Cell Differentiation
2.7K
The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
2.7K
01:21EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research
2.8K
Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
2.8K
01:17Stem Cell Culture
5.1K
Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
5.1K
01:27Source And Potency Of Stem Cells
4.7K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
4.7K
00:58Embryonic Stem Cells
26.5K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
26.5K