情境控制需求决定了稳定性和灵活性是否相互抵触
Raphael Geddert1,2, Tobias Egner3,4
1Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. raphael.geddert@duke.edu.
Attention, perception & psychophysics
|September 9, 2024
概括
认知稳定性和灵活性并不总是对立的. 这些认知控制功能之间的权衡取决于背景,而不仅仅是任务需求.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人类的行为 人类的行为
背景情况:
- 认知稳定性和灵活性传统上被视为相反的关系.
- 这种稳定性-灵活性的权衡意味着加强一个会削弱另一个.
- 最近的研究表明,这些功能可以独立调节.
研究的目的:
- 调查稳定性-灵活性权衡发生的条件.
- 测试该假设的权衡受到控制成本考虑的影响.
- 检查是否上下文依赖的线索调节稳定性和灵活性之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 重新分析现有数据并进行概念复制研究.
- 操纵块级上下文以独立变化对稳定性或灵活性的要求.
- 分析了试验级别的指标,特别是任务规则一致性和任务顺序之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 确认了认知稳定性和灵活性的独立适应.
- 证明稳定性和灵活性之间的试验级权衡取决于上下文.
- 观察到权衡与控制成本预测一致,当环境选择性地促进一个功能时会发生这种情况.
结论:
- 认知稳定性-灵活性权衡不是强制性的.
- 权衡的表达取决于情境线索,这些线索选择性地鼓励稳定性或灵活性.
- 这些发现支持一种更细致的,二维的认知控制调节模型.
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