切割后的薄化和烧伤可以促进生长,并降低Pinus nigra对干旱的脆弱性
Lena Vilà-Vilardell1, Teresa Valor1, Rebecca Hood-Nowotny2
1Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO, Solsona, Spain.
Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America
|September 10, 2024
概括
森林管理,包括稀薄和燃烧,增强了黑松的抗旱能力和弹性. 这些处理方法减少了竞争,促进了地中海生态系统的树木活力和生存,这些生态系统面临着日益严重的干旱压力.
科学领域:
- 森林生态 森林生态
- 登德罗年代学 登德罗年代学
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 地中海森林因气候变化而面临越来越多的干旱压力.
- 密集的森林,通常是由于管理不足造成的,非常容易受到干旱的影响.
- 森林处理,如削减和燃烧,可以减少竞争,提高树木的健康.
研究的目的:
- 调查薄化和切割燃烧对黑松 (Pinus nigra) 生长和对干旱的生理反应的影响.
- 评估不同管理制度下的基底面积增量 (BAI),弹性和内在用水效率 (iWUE) 的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用树环分析研究黑松生长和生理反应.
- 实施了四种处理:轻薄 (10%的基底面积减少),重薄 (40%的基底面积减少),清除和切割烧伤,以及未经处理的对照.
- 在树环纤维素中测量了基底面积增量 (BAI) 和分析了碳和氧同位素 (δ13C和δ18O),以确定固有的用水效率 (iWUE) 和弹性.
主要成果:
- 重薄化 (燃烧和未燃烧) 和轻薄化与燃烧显著增加基底面积增量 (BAI) 和抗干旱能力.
- 燃烧的单元显示出无论稀释强度如何,弹性都增加了.
- 与单独清除相比,切片燃烧进一步增强了BAI,耐药性和弹性;处理对同位素组成 (δ13C, δ18O) 有轻微影响.
结论:
- 森林管理实践,特别是与清理和/或燃烧相结合的稀释,有效地增加黑松的活力,生长和对干旱的抵抗力/弹性.
- 这些处理方法通过减少高层和低层树木的竞争,改善森林的健康和耐旱能力.
- 减少野火危险的管理策略可以同时提高森林对气候变化影响 (如干旱) 的适应力.
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