耐力冲刺训练对加速的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Elizabeth K Aldrich1, Katherine Sullivan1, Jonathan E Wingo1
1Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
International journal of exercise science
|September 10, 2024
概括
阻力冲刺训练与无阻力跑步相比,在冲刺加速方面提供了最小的改善. 这次系统性审查发现,阻力冲刺和无阻力跑步训练量之间没有显著的差异,以提高冲刺速度.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 耐力冲刺 (RS) 训练,包括雪或降落拖,被田野运动运动员广泛使用.
- 关于RS训练与具有相似体积的无阻跑 (UR) 训练相比,RS训练的具体益处的研究有限.
- 了解RS训练对冲刺加速的影响对于优化运动表现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析阻力冲刺训练与无阻力跑步训练相比,对加速的有效性.
- 为了确定RS训练是否为冲刺加速提供了优越的好处,而不是UR训练.
- 综合当前关于阻力冲刺训练和冲刺表现的研究成果.
主要方法:
- 在2022年6月12日之前以英语出版的同行评审文章的系统审查和元分析.
- 搜索了EBSCOhost,PubMed和Web of Science数据库,使用关键词如"拖车"",雪"",阻力冲刺"",冲刺加速"",冲刺性能"和"冲刺速度".
- 包括15项符合条件的研究,分析了50种影响,以评估RS训练对初始冲刺速度的影响.
主要成果:
- 耐力冲刺训练表现出在加速方面略有改善.
- 从统计学上来看,RS训练的加速度改善与使用同等体积进行的UR训练没有差异 (Hedges的d = 0.11,p = 0.08).
- 效应大小的置信区间从-0.01到0.23不等,表明没有显著的优势.
结论:
- 目前的证据不支持使用阻力冲刺训练而不是无阻力跑步训练来提高初始冲刺速度.
- 虽然RS培训可能会带来轻微的好处,但当体积相匹配时,它并不优于UR培训.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分阐明阻力冲刺训练对冲刺表现的影响,并探索最佳训练方法.
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