在中年大脑中,语音表达的神经区分能力减少
Zhe-Chen Guo1, Jacie R McHaney1, Aravindakshan Parthasarathy2
1Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|September 10, 2024
概括
中年成年人表现出"模糊"的语音大脑表现,影响语音感知. 这种神经分离,或者说不那么明显的大脑活动,即使在正常听力的情况下也会发生.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
背景情况:
- 语音感知随着年龄的增长而下降,独立于听力损失.
- 与年龄相关的语言感知变化的神经生物学基础尚未完全理解.
- 神经脱差假设表明,随着年龄的增长,神经表征中的明确性会减少.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究中年成年人对语音的皮质表示的与年龄相关的变化.
- 为了测试中年成人语音处理中神经脱差的假设.
- 探索神经处理,耳神经退化和语音感知缺陷之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用脑电图 (EEG) 测量连续演讲期间的语音相关潜力 (PRP).
- 使用神经网络分类器从EEG反应中预测音符.
- 进行了听觉学,听觉电生理学和语音感知评估.
- 对神经反应进行了代表性相似性分析.
主要成果:
- 中年成年人从EEG显示的语音预测不那么准确,更不确定,这表明神经网络参与程度更广泛.
- 与年轻人相比,中年成年人对语音及其特征的皮质表示不那么明显.
- 耳神经退化 (CND) 的特征与皮质脱差和受影响的语音感知有关,但即使控制了CND,年龄差异仍然存在.
结论:
- 语音处理中的与年龄相关的神经脱差在中年开始,导致"模糊"的语音表示.
- 这种神经分离有助于语言感知挑战,即使在正常听力图的个体中也是如此.
- 这些发现强调了超出外围听力范围的神经处理变化的重要性,这与年龄相关的听力衰退有关.
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