雅尔科巴玛雅村的长期增长变化:1986-2023年
Hugo Azcorra1, Juan Carlos Salazar-Rendón2, C Marjorie Aelion3
1Centro de Investigaciones Silvio Zavala, Universidad Modelo, Merida, Mexico.
概括
在过去的30年里,尤卡坦的儿童发育迟缓显著下降,而超重和肥胖率急剧增加,突出了该地区的双重公共卫生挑战.
科学领域:
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 人类测量学 人类测量学.
- 公共卫生趋势 公共卫生趋势
背景情况:
- 儿童营养不良,包括发育迟缓和超重/肥胖症,构成了重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 了解随时间推移的人类测量变化对于开发有效的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析儿童身高,体重,BMI,发育迟缓和超重/肥胖率的变化.
- 为了比较这些参数在Yalcoba,Yucatan半岛的三个不同的时期 (1986-1987,1996-1998,2023年).
主要方法:
- 从三个时间段 (1986-87年,1996-98年,2023年) 进行6-15岁儿童的人类测量测量.
- 计算身高和BMI的Z分数,以确定发育迟缓和超重/肥胖的患病率.
- 使用单向ANOVA进行统计分析,以根据性别和年龄组比较参数.
主要成果:
- 与前几十年相比,2023年儿童的平均身高和体重显著增加.
- 发育迟缓率大幅下降,在20世纪80年代和90年代之间下降了15个百分点,在20世纪90年代和2023年之间下降了47个百分点.
- 超重和肥胖率急剧上升,从1980年代/1990年代的8%增加到2023年的50%.
结论:
- 在过去的30年里,尤卡坦的儿童的发育迟缓显著减少.
- 与此同时,该地区儿童超重和肥胖症的急剧增加.
- 这些发现强调了关键的流行病学转型,需要有针对性的公共卫生战略.
相关概念视频
00:57Population Growth
25.0K
Population size is dynamic, increasing with birth rates and immigration, and decreasing with death rates and emigration. In ideal conditions with unlimited resources, populations can increase exponentially, which plots as a J-shaped growth rate curve of population size against time. This type of curve is characteristic of newly-introduced invasive species, or populations that have suffered catastrophic declines and are rebounding.
25.0K
01:50Global Climate Change
24.3K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.3K
01:09Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age
1.9K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
1.9K
01:27Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue
3.1K
Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
3.1K
02:17Ecological Succession
17.2K
Ecological succession is influenced by the processes of facilitation, inhibition, and toleration. Facilitation occurs when early successional species create more favorable ecological conditions for subsequent species, such as enhanced nutrient, water, or light availability. In contrast, inhibition happens when early successional species create unfavorable ecological conditions for potential successive species, such as limiting resource availability. In some cases, later successional species...
17.2K
01:22Life Tables
85
A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
85