一个三线丝机械模型的肌力和阻抗
Matthew Millard1,2, David W Franklin3,4,5, Walter Herzog6
1Institute for Sport and Movement Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
eLife
|September 10, 2024
概括
一个新的粘弹性交叉桥活性提丁 (VEXAT) 模型准确地捕捉了肌肉对小型和大型长度变化的反应. 该模型改进了现有的肌肉模型,以了解运动和预测伤害.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 肌肉生理学 肌肉生理学
- 计算建模 计算建模
背景情况:
- 肌肉力量的产生取决于各种尺度上的长度变化.
- 现有的模型,如线性时间不变 (LTI) 系统和符合规则的弹,捕捉了肌肉行为的特定方面 (阻抗,大伸展),但并非所有.
- 目前没有一个单一的模型可以整合小扰动 (阻抗) 和大活动延伸 (损伤预测,运动) 的属性.
研究的目的:
- 引入一种新的肌肉模型,即粘弹性-交叉桥活性-丁 (VEXAT) 模型.
- 为了证明VEXAT模型能够在广泛的长度变化中复制肌肉反应的能力.
- 为了比较VEXAT模型的性能与生物肌肉数据和流行的Hill型肌肉模型.
主要方法:
- 模拟实验测量肌肉阻抗 (对小扰动的反应).
- 模拟实验测量长时间活跃拉伸过程中的力量.
- 对VEXAT模型与生物肌肉和Hill型模型进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 维克萨特模型准确地捕捉长时间活跃伸展期间的肌肉阻抗和力量.
- 在这些模拟中,VEXAT在与Hill型模型相比显示出更高的性能.
- 维克萨特模型仍然能够重现基本的肌肉特性,如力-速度和力-长度关系.
结论:
- 维克萨特模型提供了比传统模型更全面的肌肉力学表示.
- 这个模型在理解运动和预测肌肉损伤方面具有潜在的应用.
- 未来的工作重点应该是改进低频相应响应,并纳入被动力增强机制.
相关概念视频
Tension Response at Adherens Junctions
2.6K
The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
2.6K
Disassembly of Intermediate Filaments
2.0K
Intermediate filaments (IFs) do not undergo spontaneous disassembly. Enzymes, kinases, and phosphatases add and remove phosphates from specific sites to regulate their disassembly. The IF concentration in the cytoplasm also regulates the disassembly. If the concentration crosses a threshold, it activates the protein kinases in the vicinity, allowing the phosphorylation of IFs.
Keratin proteins, found at the cell periphery near cell junctions, undergo a cycle of assembly and disassembly. In Type...
Keratin proteins, found at the cell periphery near cell junctions, undergo a cycle of assembly and disassembly. In Type...
2.0K
Actin and Myosin in Muscle Contraction
9.2K
Actin and myosin are contractile proteins that form the sarcomere found in skeletal muscle tissues for regulating muscle contraction. Actin, a globular contractile protein, interacts with myosin for muscle contraction. The skeletal tissue appears striped or striated under a microscope due to the repeated arrangement of contractile proteins actin and myosin along the length of myofibrils. Dark A bands and light I bands repeat along myofibrils, and the alignment of myofibrils in the cell causes...
9.2K
Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscles
8.0K
Excitation-contraction coupling is a series of events that occur between generating an action potential and initiating a muscle contraction. It occurs at the triad, a structure found in skeletal muscle fibers that comprise a T-tubule and terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum on each side. These triads are visible in longitudinally sectioned muscle fibers. They are typically located at the A-I junction — the junction between the A and I bands of the sarcomere.
When an action...
When an action...
8.0K
Mechanical Protein Functions
4.9K
Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force.
4.9K
Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments
2.9K
The straight or branched structure formation of actin filaments is controlled by nucleating proteins such as the formins and Arp2/3 complex. Formin-mediated assembly results in straight filaments, whereas Arp2/3 protein complex-mediated assembly results in branched actin filaments.
Arp2/3 Complex
Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit complex consisting of two proteins similar to actin- Arp2 and Arp3, and five other subunits that help keep Arp2 and Arp3 inactive. When required, the complex is...
Arp2/3 Complex
Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit complex consisting of two proteins similar to actin- Arp2 and Arp3, and five other subunits that help keep Arp2 and Arp3 inactive. When required, the complex is...
2.9K


