婴儿暴露于尿布中的化学物质:一篇综述和视角
Mengxin Sun1, Zhexi Wang2, Zhiguo Cao2
1School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
The Science of the total environment
|September 10, 2024
概括
婴儿尿布含有诸如VOC和重金属等化学物质. 虽然风险通常是可以接受的,但甲和PFOA暴露需要注意,目前的风险评估存在不确定性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 儿科护理 儿科护理
背景情况:
- 婴儿尿布是必不可少的,但引起了对化学物质暴露风险的担忧.
- 通常检测到的化学物质包括二氧化,甲酸盐,VOC,PAH,双,有机和重金属.
- 一次性尿布通常会显示出较高水平的VOC,酸盐,双和重金属.
研究的目的:
- 为了回顾和总结尿布中发现的化学物质.
- 估计婴儿皮肤暴露剂量和相关风险.
- 确定化学物质暴露和尿布风险评估方面的研究缺口.
主要方法:
- 对尿布中报告的化学物质进行了全面的文献审查.
- 估计特定化学物质 (如甲,PFOA) 的皮肤暴露剂量.
- 使用已确定的因素计算非癌症危险系数和癌症风险.
主要成果:
- 甲构成了最高估计的皮肤暴露剂量 (0.018 mg/kg bw/day).
- perfluorooctanoic 酸 (PFOA) 的暴露率很低,但非癌症危险系数最高 (0.062).
- 据估计,PFOA导致的癌症风险为5.5×10−5,低于之前的研究.
结论:
- 婴儿从尿布中接触化学物质通常是可以接受的,但在极端情况下风险会增加.
- 由于数据缺口,目前的风险和风险估计存在重大不确定性.
- 未来的研究应该集中在识别有毒化学品,改进暴露数据和制定卫生标准上.
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