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相关概念视频

Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

9.8K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
9.8K
Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

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Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
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Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
15.4K
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.6K
Dosage Compensation02:50

Dosage Compensation

6.1K
In animals, gender is determined by the number and type of sex chromosome. For example, human females have two X chromosomes, and males have one X and one Y chromosome, whereas C.elegans with one X chromosome is a male, and the one with two X chromosomes is a hermaphrodite.
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with  distinct numbers of X chromosomes will...
6.1K
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

6.1K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element CRE Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster
08:19

Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element CRE Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: December 19, 2011

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有证据表明,类型的调节元件中存在补偿性进化.

Zane Kliesmete1, Peter Orchard1,2, Victor Yan Kin Lee1,3

  • 1Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 82152 Munich, Germany.

Genome research
|September 10, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

类型,或在许多组织的基因表达,预测cis-regulatory元素 (CRE) 功能性保护. 高类型的CREs显示保存了可访问性和基因表达,尽管DNA序列的保存率较低.

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Author Spotlight: Identifying Compensatory Pathways in Malaria Parasites Containing Hypomorphic Allele of Essential Protein Kinases
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Author Spotlight: Identifying Compensatory Pathways in Malaria Parasites Containing Hypomorphic Allele of Essential Protein Kinases

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A Rapid In Vivo Bioassay for Developmentally Active Enhancers
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Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element CRE Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster

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A Rapid In Vivo Bioassay for Developmentally Active Enhancers
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科学领域:

  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 进化生物学 进化生物学
  • 调控生物学 调控生物学

背景情况:

  • Pleitotropy 被定义为跨多个组织的基因表达,是已知的蛋白质序列和表达保护的预测因素.
  • Pleotropy 对 cis 调节元件 (CREs) 演变的影响仍然不太清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 调查类型对cis调节元件 (CREs) 进化动态的影响.
  • 为了确定类型是否影响CREs的功能性保存.

主要方法:

  • 重新分析了9个胎儿组织的表观遗传学路线图数据,以量化近50万个CREs的性度.
  • 来自人类和的样本生成的ATAC-seq和RNA-seq数据,以评估CRE功能性保护.
  • 分析了转录因子结合谱和DNA序列保存的ortologous网站.

主要成果:

  • 具有较高类型的CREs在染色质可访问性和相关基因表达方面表现出更大的保护性.
  • 这种功能性保护增加的趋势与更高的类型扩展到转录因子结合模式.
  • 相反,与物种特定的CREs相比,类CREs的DNA序列保存率较低.

结论:

  • 类型是cis-regulatory元素 (CREs) 功能保存的重要预测因素.
  • 在功能性保存的类型CREs中明显缺乏序列保存,这可能是由于元素内部的补偿进化.
  • 受类型影响的CREs的功能性保存并不总是反映在直接的DNA序列保存中.