测试脂肪和糖摄入与抑郁症和皮质醇的因果关系:孟德尔随机化研究
Matylda Buczkowska1,2, Eleonora Iob3,4
1Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK. zcbtucz@ucl.ac.uk.
Translational psychiatry
|September 10, 2024
概括
更高的糖摄入量可能会降低患重度抑郁症 (MDD) 的风险. 这项门德尔随机化研究发现了糖消费与较低的MDD风险之间的因果关系,没有证据表明反向因果关系.
科学领域:
- 营养精神病学 营养精神病学
- 遗传流行病学遗传流行病学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 脂肪和糖含量高的不健康饮食与心理痛苦有关,包括严重抑郁症 (MDD) 和压力.
- 饮食 (特别是脂肪和糖摄入量) 与MDD和压力等心理健康状况之间的潜在双向关系仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究脂肪和糖摄入量与MDD和皮质醇水平 (作为压力的代理) 之间的因果关系.
- 通过使用孟德尔随机化来确定饮食和心理健康结果之间的关联的方向性.
主要方法:
- 使用孟德尔随机化 (MR) 与来自欧洲祖先个体的大规模基因组广泛关联研究 (GWAS) 的总结级数据.
- 进行双向分析,将宏观营养素作为暴露,MDD/皮质醇作为结果,反之亦然.
- 采用随机效应逆变量加权回归作为主要分析方法.
主要成果:
- 基因预测较高的相对糖摄入量与较低的MDD风险因果相关 (OR = 0.553在p < 1 × 10−8时).
- 在MDD和糖消费之间没有发现显著的因果关系,这表明没有反向因果关系.
- 其他研究的脂肪/糖摄入量与MDD/皮质醇之间的关联是微弱且不准确的.
结论:
- 饮食中的糖份摄入可能对重度抑郁症有保护作用.
- 针对糖类消费的干预措施可能有助于缓解抑郁症状,但需要进一步的研究.
- 未来的研究应该探索糖的数量和类型对情绪和压力的影响.
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