与年龄相关的炎症酶激活的表征揭示了转录和转译后炎症反应的组织特异性差异
Sarah Talley1, Tyler Nguyen2,3, Lily Van Ye1
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.
Immunity & ageing : I & A
|September 10, 2024
概括
衰老驱动慢性炎症,称为炎症,涉及炎症酶激活. 这项研究揭示了与年龄相关的炎症体的翻译后变化,不总是反映在基因表达中,影响各种组织.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 衰老的特点是慢性,低度的炎症 ("炎症").
- 炎症酶激活,一个关键的炎症途径,是由翻译后的修改驱动的,特别是caspase-1裂变.
- 现有的研究主要集中在转录性变化上,可能会忽视炎症中关键的翻译后事件.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用老鼠中的caspase-1生物传感器在翻译后水平上研究与年龄相关的炎症酶激活.
- 定义各种器官和组织中炎症的翻译后表现.
- 建立新的in vivo和ex vivo方法来评估衰老期间的炎症酶激活.
主要方法:
- 利用表达caspase-1生物传感器的转基因小鼠来监测炎症酶激活.
- 在多个器官和组织中检查了与年龄相关的炎症酶激活.
- 采用了头骨稀释技术,用于体内监测中枢神经系统炎症酶激活.
- 在老年小鼠中对内毒素挑战的评估反应.
主要成果:
- 在老年小鼠和特定组织中证实炎症增加和炎症酶激活.
- 证明炎症酶激活水平与转录性变化没有统一的相关性.
- 在老年小鼠的内毒素挑战后观察到显著放大的神经炎症.
- 在转录和转译后的炎症途径中发现了特定组织的变异.
结论:
- 炎症涉及转录和转译后的炎症通路,这些通路表现出组织特异性差异.
- 翻译后炎酶激活是炎症的关键,但经常被忽视的组成部分.
- 开发和验证了新的方法来测量与年龄相关的炎症酶激活 in vivo 和 ex vivo,推进对衰老和炎症的研究.
相关概念视频
Inflammatory Response
1.9K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
1.9K
Inflammation
53.2K
Overview
53.2K
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway
7.4K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
7.4K
T Cell Types and Functions
961
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
961
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
2.4K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.4K
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
8.7K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
8.7K


