长期的连续作物种植可以减少温室气体排放,同时保持作物产量
Upendra M Sainju1, Brett L Allen1, Jalal D Jabro1
1USDA-ARS Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, Sidney, Montana, USA.
Journal of environmental quality
|September 11, 2024
概括
无到春季小麦-豆类作物种植系统显著减少温室气体排放,并改善旱地条件下的作物产量. 这些系统为北方大平原提供了可持续的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
背景情况:
- 长期的作物系统在干旱条件下对温室气体 (GHG) 排放产生影响.
- 了解这些影响对于像美国北部大平原这样的地区的可持续农业至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估34年的干旱土地作物系统对氧化 (N2O) 和甲 (CH4) 排放的影响.
- 评估温室气体平衡 (GHGB),作物产量和产量规模化的温室气体平衡 (YSGB).
主要方法:
- 无耕种连续春季小麦 (NTCW),无耕种春季小麦豆 (NTWP) 和传统春季小麦 (CTWF) 系统的比较.
- 在两个生长季节 (2016-2018年) 中使用静态室监测温室气体流量.
- 确定土壤碳捕集率和作物产量.
主要成果:
- 与CTWF相比,NTCW和NTWP种植后,施肥后和降雨后的N2O排放量更高.
- 在所有系统中,CH4排放量都是最小的.
- 与CTWF不同的是,在NTCW和NTWP中发生了阳性土壤碳封存.
- 对于NTCW和NTWP来说,GHGB明显较低.
- NTWP在一个季节显示出更高的作物产量,在两年中显示出更低的YSGB.
结论:
- 无耕作系统,特别是NTWP,显示出在干旱土地农业中减少温室气体排放的潜力.
- 推使用NTWP是因为它具有降低温室气体排放和保持作物产量的双重好处.
- 可持续的干旱土地农业实践是环境和农业生产率的关键.
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