社会排斥:直接与间接经验背后的神经机制的差异
Juan Song1, Tao Lian1, Yunhong Zhang1,2
1Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China.
Frontiers in psychology
|September 11, 2024
概括
这项研究揭示了目标和观察者对社会排斥的独特神经反应. 它强调了大脑激活模式的差异,为社会动态提供了新的见解.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 社会排斥是社会不和的一个重要因素.
- 以前的研究还没有充分探索被排除在外的个人和观察者之间的交互动态.
- 要了解社会排斥的神经基础,需要检查这两种观点.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较地探索社会排斥中的心理反应的神经机制.
- 在一个共享的社会排斥背景下,研究目标和观察者的独特神经激活模式.
- 检查直接与观察到的社会排斥如何影响拒绝敏感性.
主要方法:
- 利用功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 来记录大脑活动.
- 研究了前额叶皮层 (PFC) 和 temporoparietal junction (TPJ) 中的神经激活.
- 采用在线传球游戏,为两对参与者 (目标和观察者) 创建受控的社会排斥场景.
主要成果:
- 对拒绝的敏感性因经历或观察社会排斥而有所不同.
- 目标显示了中间前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 的条件激活差异.
- 男性观察者表现出有条件的mPFC激活差异,而女性观察者显示出右背侧前额叶皮质 (dlPFC) 的差异.
结论:
- 该研究通过比较目标和观察者,为社会排斥的神经机制提供了新的视角.
- 对于目标,男性观察者和女性观察者来说,确定了不同的神经激活模式.
- 调查结果强调了考虑观察者在社会排斥研究中的作用的重要性.
更多相关视频
08:24The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
Published on: August 25, 2023
651
10:45Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions
Published on: July 6, 2011
11.6K
相关概念视频
Deindividuation
26.3K
Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
26.3K
Social Facilitation
31.9K
Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
31.9K
In- and Out-Groups
39.0K
People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
39.0K
Empathy
9.6K
Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor.
9.6K
Stereotype Content Model
14.0K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
14.0K
Bullying
8.4K
A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is...
8.4K
