18岁以上成年人心血管疾病模式,死亡率和住院趋势:来自行为风险因素监测系统数据库的见解
Okelue E Okobi1,2,3, Enyioma Nwogwugwu4, Cosmas O Ihezie5
1Family Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Miami, USA.
Cureus
|September 11, 2024
概括
心血管疾病药物使用量正在上升,但心脏病发作和中风的死亡率仍然很高. 存在显著的差异,突出了针对性干预和改善健康公平的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全球主要的死亡原因,尽管医学进步,但患病率仍在增加.
- 了解心血管疾病风险因素和治疗趋势对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
- 本研究使用行为风险因素监测系统 (BRFSS) 数据分析心血管疾病趋势.
研究的目的:
- 从2019年到2021年分析心血管疾病 (CVD) 患病率,药物使用和死亡率的趋势.
- 为了确定心血管疾病结果中的人口差异.
- 为减少心血管疾病风险提供公共卫生干预信息.
主要方法:
- 2019-2021年利用的行为风险因素监测系统 (BRFSS) 数据.
- 包括18岁以上的成年人,患有高胆固醇,高血压,冠心病,中风和心力衰竭等疾病.
- 雇用年龄调整的患病率,死亡率和住院数据用于分析.
主要成果:
- 对高胆固醇和血压使用药物的年龄调整的患病率显著增加 (p<0.05).
- 冠心病和中风死亡率显著上升 (p<0.05),男性和黑人,非西班牙裔个体的死亡率更高.
- 心力衰竭住院率波动,最初在2020年由于大流行病而下降,然后在2021年上升.
结论:
- 尽管胆固醇和血压的药物使用增加,心血管疾病的死亡率仍然存在.
- 在心血管疾病药物使用和死亡率方面存在显著的性别和种族差异,需要有针对性的干预措施.
- 解决健康的社会决定因素和改善药物坚持是减少心血管疾病负担和增强健康公平的关键.
相关概念视频
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
284
A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
284
Lifestyle Factors and Health
40
Lifestyle factors play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing chronic diseases. Key elements, such as regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, and abstinence from smoking, can significantly enhance physical, mental, and emotional well-being while reducing the risk of several life-threatening conditions.
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
40
Cardiovascular Drugs: Classification based on Therapeutic Indications
2.1K
Cardiovascular diseases, encompassing a range of conditions, can significantly affect the heart's operations and the overall circulatory system. These conditions impair the heart's ability to pump blood, leading to a deficit in oxygen supply to crucial organs. Anomalies in the heart's electrical system, known as arrhythmias, can cause heartbeats to accelerate or slow down. Usually, heart rates increase during physical activity and decrease while resting or sleeping. However,...
2.1K
Pulse rhythm
771
Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
771
Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(one-step method)
560
This procedural guide systematically measures blood pressure using an oscillometric digital sphygmomanometer, emphasizing accuracy, patient safety, and comfort.
Prepare for the Procedure:
Prepare for the Procedure:
560
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers
110
Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
110


