精神病和双极性障碍中异常自我参考社会知觉的认知机制:来自计算建模的见解
Carly A Lasagna1, Ivy F Tso2, Scott D Blain2
1Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Schizophrenia bulletin
|September 11, 2024
概括
患有精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的个体由于缺乏有效的证据积累和感知偏见,表现出改变了自我参考的目光感知. 数学建模揭示了这些认知机制对社会功能和症状的影响.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 计算建模计算建模
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症 (SZ) 和双相情感障碍 (BD) 与自我参考视线感知障碍有关.
- 这些社会感知缺陷背后的精确认知机制仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 通过数学建模来研究驱动SZ和BD视线感知异常的认知过程.
- 检查这些认知过程,认知,症状和社会功能之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 数学建模 (漂移-扩散模型) 应用于28个SZ,38个BD和34个健康对照 (HC) 的行为数据.
- 分析的关键认知参数包括证据积累 (漂移率),感知偏差 (漂移偏差),预期偏差 (起点),响应谨慎 (值分离) 和处理速度 (不决策时间).
主要成果:
- 在SZ和BD中,异常的目光感知与证据积累效率降低和偏见偏好自我参考反应的感知偏差有关.
- 患有SZ的个体表现出更大的反应谨慎.
- 较差的社会功能与SZ和HC中预期偏差的增加相关.
- 在SZ中,感知和预期偏差与幻觉和妄想严重程度有关.
结论:
- 减少证据积累和感知偏见是SZ和BD中改变眼神感知的关键机制.
- 精神分裂症可能涉及补偿性谨慎,可能是为了准确性而换取速度.
- 信念和感知偏见与症状严重程度和社会功能缺陷有关.
- 计算建模为了解SZ和BD的社会认知障碍提供了一种强大的方法.
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