行为改变干预 (教育和文本) 以预防中学生的牙损伤:明亮的RCT,过程和经济评估
Zoe Marshman1, Hannah Ainsworth2, Caroline Fairhurst2
1School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Health technology assessment (Winchester, England)
|September 11, 2024
概括
在学校推广刷牙的干预措施并没有减少中学生的牙损伤. 虽然刷牙频率有所改善,但并没有带来显著的口腔健康益处.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 牙科公共卫生 牙科公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 牙损严重影响儿童的生活,尤其是在贫困地区.
- 化牙膏干预措施在年幼的儿童中取得了成功,但对中学生的证据缺乏.
- 需要研究青少年有效的口腔健康计划.
研究的目的:
- 评估行为改变干预措施的临床和成本效益,以预防中学学生的牙损伤.
- 这项干预旨在促进青少年的刷牙习惯.
主要方法:
- 在苏格兰,英格兰和威尔士进行了一项多中心,基于学校的,集群随机对照试验.
- 参与者包括11-13岁的学生拥有手机,从中学招募.
- 该干预包括由教师主持的课程和每天两次刷牙的短信,与常规教育相比.
主要成果:
- 在2.5年后,干预组和对照组之间没有明显衰变经验 (ICDAS4-6MFT) 的显著差异.
- 干预组6个月后观察到每天刷牙两次的显著增加,但这种情况没有持续下去.
- 整体而言,该干预措施的成本效益并不高,尽管一些子组显示出潜在的成本效益; 实施短信面临挑战,数据收集受到COVID-19的影响.
结论:
- 行为改变干预,尽管改善了牙刷频率,但并没有减少中学学生的牙损伤.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解青少年的口腔健康行为决定因素,考虑到糖的消费和社会经济地位等因素.
- 未来的干预措施应该与中学生合作开发,以解决他们的特定需求和行为.
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