家庭结构的变化和美国日益严重的护理差距,2015-2050年
Huijing Wu1, Rachel Margolis2, Ashton Verdery3
1Institute of European and American Studies, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Demography
|September 11, 2024
概括
对老年人的照顾差距很常见,影响13%的日常生活困难. 预测显示,到2050年,这些护理差距将大幅增加,突出显示迫切需要解决方案.
科学领域:
- 老年学和人口统计学
- 健康和衰老的社会学.
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 现有的研究对美国老年人中未满足的护理需求的程度缺乏明确性.
- 家庭结构的预期转变可能会加剧现有的护理缺口.
- 了解所需护理和所收到护理之间的差距对于老年护理计划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了量化美国老年人的当前护理差距.
- 分析照顾差距如何根据家庭结构而有所不同.
- 预测到2050年护理差距的未来演变,考虑到人口变化.
主要方法:
- 利用健康和退休研究 (1998-2014) 的数据来估计护理差距.
- 定义的护理缺口是日常生活活动 (ADLs) 或日常生活工具活动 (IADLs) 的困难,而无需接受护理.
- 采用人口微型模拟来预测未来的护理差距趋势.
主要成果:
- 护理缺口很普遍,有13%的50岁以上的成年人在ADL护理中出现缺口,在IADL护理中出现缺口.
- 没有伴侣或孩子的个人表现出最高的护理差距率.
- 预计在2015年至2050年期间,有护理差距的老年人数量将增加30%以上.
结论:
- 在美国老年人中存在很大的护理差距,尤其是那些缺乏家庭支持的人.
- 人口趋势和不断变化的家庭结构可能会在2050年之前大幅扩大这些护理差距.
- 这些发现为解决未满足老年人护理需求日益增长的挑战提供了关键的基线.
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