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相关概念视频

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
17.0K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

18.3K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
18.3K
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

23.8K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
23.8K
Classification of Elements and Compounds02:54

Classification of Elements and Compounds

66.4K
Pure substances consist of only one type of matter. A pure substance can be an element or a compound. An element consists of only one type of atom, while a compound consists of two or more types of atoms held together by a chemical bond. Elements are classified as atomic or molecular based on the nature of their basic units.
Compounds are pure substances composed of two or more elements in fixed, definite proportions. Compounds are classified as ionic or molecular (covalent) based on the bonds...
66.4K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

41.3K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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NaZr2(PO4)3 - 一种立方朗贝尼特型的离子固体导体.

Sergey N Marshenya1, Alexey G Scherbakov1, Artem D Dembitskiy1

  • 1Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skoltech, 121205, Moscow, Russian Federation. sergey.marshenya@skoltech.ru.

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概括

研究人员为固体电解质合成了兰贝尼特类型的酸 (NaZr2(PO4) 3). 这种材料具有良好的Na+导电性和电化学稳定性,对于离子电池至关重要.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 固态化学 固态化学
  • 电化学 电化学 电化学

背景情况:

  • 由于NaSICON阶段的形成,合成兰贝尼特类型的酸盐与像 (Na+) 这样的小离子是很困难的.
  • 高温固态反应往往产生不必要的相,阻碍了新型固体电解质的发展.

研究的目的:

  • 为了开发一个合成路径的兰贝尼特类型的酸 (NaZr2(PO4) 3).
  • 为了研究合成材料的晶体结构,热行为和离子 (Na+) 导电性.
  • 评估其作为离子电池固体电解质的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 在酸 (NH4Zr2(PO4) 3) 和酸 (NaNO3) 之间发生机械化学活性离子交换反应.
  • 用X射线衍射 (XRD) 来精制晶体结构.
  • 福里埃转换红外光谱 (FTIR) 用于验证.
  • 热分析 (高达730°C).
  • 电化学阻抗光谱 (EIS) 用于导电性测量.
  • 密度函数理论 (DFT) 对带隙和电化学稳定性的计算.

主要成果:

  • 通过机械化学离子交换途径成功合成了朗贝尼特类型NaZr2(PO4) 3.
  • NaZr2(PO4)3表现出高达730°C的稳定性,在25-500°C之间具有负热膨胀.
  • 在225°C达到1×10^-6 S cm^-1的Na+导电性,电子导电性低,电化学稳定性窗口宽 (1.39-4.18V对Na/Na+).

结论:

  • 朗贝尼特类型NaZr2(PO4)3是离子电池中固体电解质的有希望的候选物.
  • 开发的合成方法克服了与兰贝尼特类型酸盐合成相关的挑战.
  • 对兰贝尼特结构酸盐的进一步研究可能会导致先进的电池材料.