整体大脑病谱:对分类,遗传学和神经成像进行最新的概述
Gustavo Dalul Gomez1,2, Diogo Goulart Corrêa3,4, Bárbara Trapp5,6
1Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Neuroradiology Subdivision, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Japanese journal of radiology
|September 11, 2024
概括
整体大脑分裂 (HPE) 是一种前脑形,是由于裂变失败造成的. 本综述提供了一种实用的成像方法,用于更早的诊断和更好地理解HPE频谱障碍.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 整体大脑发育不全 (HPE) 是先天性前脑形,是由于腹腔诱导失败造成的,通常发生在妊娠第五周左右.
- 它的特点是前脑的不完全裂变,影响半球分裂和中线/深层大脑结构的发展.
- HPE呈现出不同的结果,并被分为经典形式 (叶片,半叶片,叶片) 和拟议的变体 (syntelencephaly,septopreoptic).
研究的目的:
- 提出一种基于成像的实用方法,用于诊断全脑神经障碍的频谱.
- 为了促进HPE的早期诊断,这对于产前护理和家长咨询至关重要.
- 通过教学性解释,插图和分类细节来简化HPE的理解.
主要方法:
- 审查当前文献和成像与全脑相关的研究结果.
- 基于神经成像特征的结构化诊断方法的开发.
- 对HPE分类和差异诊断进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 为识别HPE频谱障碍提出了一种实际的成像策略.
- 该审查简化了分类,并突出了每个HPE实体的关键神经成像特征.
- 讨论HPE的关键差异诊断,以帮助准确识别.
结论:
- 一种可访问的成像方法可以改善全脑乱谱系障碍的诊断.
- 早期和准确的诊断对于有效的产前管理和家庭支持至关重要.
- 本综述为理解HPE分类和神经成像特征提供了一个明确的框架.
相关概念视频
01:24Prosopagnosia
145
Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
145
01:05Cerebral Hemispheres
307
The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
307
01:27Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
514
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
514
01:30Neurulation
41.8K
Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
41.8K
01:26Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview I
1.7K
The main and largest component of the human brain is the cerebrum. The cerebrum consists of two main parts: the cerebral cortex, an outer layer with wrinkles or folds known as gyri and shallow grooves called sulci, and a deeper region beneath it. The cerebrum divides into two distinct hemispheres and contains five different lobes: the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and insula. The central sulcus separates the frontal and parietal lobes and two functionally important gyri — the...
1.7K
01:13Seizures: Classification
309
Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
309