5个月龄的亲子互动:遗传和环境贡献以及与以后社会沟通发展的关联
Irzam Hardiansyah1,2, Petra Warreyn3, Angelica Ronald4
1Department of Womens' and Children's Health, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders at Karolinska Institutet (KIND), Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines
|September 11, 2024
概括
婴儿时期父母的敏感反应预示着孩子的更好发展. 这项研究发现,亲子互动 (PCI) 特征的遗传性较低,强调环境对早期社会发展的影响.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 行为遗传学 行为遗传学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
背景情况:
- 早期的亲子互动 (PCI) 影响了孩子的后期发展.
- 双胞胎研究有助于区分基因和环境对PCI的贡献.
- 孩子的遗传可以塑造他们的社会环境,包括父母的行为.
研究的目的:
- 绘制早期亲子互动 (PCI) 的表型和病因结构.
- 研究基因和环境对PCI特征的影响.
- 检查早期的PCI和后期儿童发育结果之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用经典的双胞胎设计与婴儿双胞胎 (354个单胞胎,268个双胞胎).
- 在5个月大时评估了亲子相互作用 (PCI).
- 检查了PCI与孩子的社会沟通,语言和2-3岁的自闭症特征之间的联系.
主要成果:
- 对于PCI特征的遗传率始终低于20%.
- 独特的环境影响在PCI尺度上显示出显著的重叠.
- 确定了三个关键的潜在因素:"孩子的负面影响"",积极的情感互动"和"父母的支持策略".
- 5个月高的父母敏感反应预测了更好的社会沟通和语言发展,以及以后更少的自闭症特征.
结论:
- 婴儿时期父母的敏感反应与儿童的发育成长有关.
- 仅有有限的证据表明,遗传对父母行为的影响很大.
- 讨论了通过实验室测量来捕捉父母-孩子互动的全部丰富性的挑战.
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