[导致机构住院老年人虚弱的因素:一个多机构的横截面研究]
Nagomi Ito1, Eri Nishioka1, Nana Yunoki1
1Department of Nutritional Medicine, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka Metropolitan University.
Nihon Ronen Igakkai zasshi. Japanese journal of geriatrics
|September 11, 2024
概括
老年人的虚弱与饮食和吞困难,营养不良和高度护理需求有关. 解决餐时间的挑战,如窒息和集中注意力,可以改善健康结果.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 临床医学 临床医学
背景情况:
- 住院的老年人往往会感到虚弱,影响他们的整体健康,需要专门的护理.
- 了解口腔功能和导致虚弱的因素对于改善这一群体的生活质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定机构住院的脆弱老年人的特征和口腔功能.
- 为了确定与这一人口群体的脆弱性相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 这是一项多中心的,涉及214名住院老年人的横截面研究.
- 通过向注册营养学家管理的问卷收集数据,评估各种健康,营养和口腔功能参数.
- 评估的因素包括人口统计,护理需求,营养状况 (MNA®-SF),吞困难 (吞障碍),食物/液体修改,药物使用,并发症和口腔相关项目.
主要成果:
- 近一半 (49.5%) 的参与者被归类为脆弱,平均BMI为19.7kg/m2.
- 脆弱的个体表现出更高的护理需求,营养不良,多种并发病,多药性和饮食/吞障碍.
- 在脆弱性和"窒息和残留问题" (OR 1.81) 和"饮食度问题" (OR 4.28) 之间发现了显著的关联.
结论:
- 干预措施应侧重于优化食时间的帮助,包括姿势和食支持.
- 定制食物质地,液体一致性和药物含量对于脆弱的老年人来说至关重要.
- 解决与窒息,残留物和食度相关的问题可以减轻脆弱性,降低吸入性肺炎风险,改善预后.
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