高风险黑人肺癌查的知识和信仰:一种定性方法
Abdi T Gudina1, Charles Kamen2, Lindsey J Mattick2
1Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
Translational lung cancer research
|September 12, 2024
概括
黑人群体对肺癌查 (LCS) 的认识很低,尽管它是有效的. 解决知识差距和障碍对于提高查率和降低高风险人群中肺癌死亡率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 癌症查 癌症查
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 低剂量计算机断层扫描 (LDCT) 的肺癌 (LC) 查可使LC特异性死亡率降低20%,但在符合条件的人群中仍未充分利用 (5-16%).
- 在美国,黑人患LC的发病率较高,但不太可能接受LC查 (LCS).
- 这项研究调查了高风险黑人个体中围绕LCS的知识和信仰.
研究的目的:
- 探索高风险患肺癌的黑人个人对LCS的认识,知识和信仰.
- 识别影响这群人群中LCS吸收的障碍和促进因素.
主要方法:
- 深度半结构面试的定性主题分析.
- 在纽约州北部招募了17名符合2021年USPSTF LCS资格标准的黑人.
- 采访探讨了参与者对LC风险因素和查可用性的理解.
主要成果:
- 大多数参与者认为吸烟是LC的主要危险因素,尽管有些人强调其他因素.
- 据报道,人们对LCS存在的认识显著缺乏.
- 确定了影响LCS普及的关键障碍和促进因素.
结论:
- 黑人对LCS的认识很低,需要有针对性的干预措施.
- 解决已识别的障碍对于增加LCS率和降低肺癌死亡率至关重要.
- 研究结果支持开发社区干预措施,涉及医疗保健专业人员,以改善高风险黑人群体的LCS吸收.
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