在太阳化土壤中引入的Trichoderma asperellum的增强活性及其对草黑根腐烂综合控制的影响
Ibrahim Elshahawy1, Nehal Saied1, Farid Abd-El-Kareem1
1Plant Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
Heliyon
|September 12, 2024
概括
土壤太阳化结合酸盐颗粒封装的Trichoderma asperellum有效控制草黑根腐烂. 这种综合方法显著降低了疾病的发病率和严重程度,同时提高了作物产量和有益的微生物种群.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 微封装增强了微生物在不利条件下的生存能力.
- 草黑根腐烂是由Fusarium solani,Rhizoctonia solani和Macrophomina phaseolina引起的,显著影响作物产量.
- 特里科德尔马阿斯佩雷勒 (Trichoderma asperellum) 是一种已知的植物疾病生物控制剂.
研究的目的:
- 评估酸盐颗粒封装Trichoderma asperellum与土壤太阳化相结合的有效性,以控制草黑根腐烂.
- 评估这种综合处理对土壤微生物活性和草产量的影响.
主要方法:
- 两次实地实验使用天然感染黑色根腐烂病原体的粘土土进行.
- 土壤太阳化应用了三个星期,然后用T. asperellum在酸盐颗粒或作为子悬浮剂中接种.
- 疾病发生率,严重程度,防御性酶活性,草产量和原生Trichoderma spp.的根球种群. 被测量到了.
主要成果:
- 土壤太阳化在130厘米深处增加了10.114.2°C的土壤温度,并降低了病原菌的活力.
- 土壤太阳化和T. asperellum alginate颗粒的组合导致黑色根腐烂发生率 (高达74.1%) 和严重程度 (高达75.2%) 的最大降低.
- 这种综合治疗还显著增加了防御性酶活性,草产量 (高达60.5%),以及本地Trichoderma spp.种群. (高达86.5%). 这是一个非常高的数字.
结论:
- 在酸盐颗粒中封装的T. asperellum之后的土壤太阳化是一种高效的策略,用于管理草黑根腐烂.
- 这种综合方法不仅可以控制疾病,还可以增强植物防御机制,提高作物生产率,有利于土壤微生物群落.
相关概念视频
Microbe-Plant Interactions
Microbe-plant interactions represent a dynamic spectrum of associations shaped by intricate chemical signaling. These interactions can be neutral, beneficial, or detrimental, and profoundly influence plant physiology, growth, and ecosystem function. The plant microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, and viruses, plays a pivotal role in mediating these effects through surface colonization, internal colonization, or systemic symbiosis.Mutualistic associations, particularly with...
Production of Biopesticides
Biopesticides offer a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides, utilizing microbial agents to control agricultural pests. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a widely employed bacterium known for its potent insecticidal activity. Bt biopesticides are favored for their specificity to insect pests, minimal environmental impact, and natural degradability.Mechanism of Bt Toxin Action Bt produces insecticidal crystal (Cry) proteins during its sporulation phase. These proteins form parasporal...


