在Omicron波之前,期间和之后的SARS-CoV-2感染:印度社区2年的队列研究
Ramya Madhavan1, Jackwin Sam Paul2, Sudhir Babji1
1The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia
|September 12, 2024
概括
在印度观察到高SARS-CoV-2感染率,即使在接种疫苗或之前感染. 大多数感染无症状,强调了联合监测策略的流行病监测.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 评估了严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染和再感染的发生率.
- 专注于印度南部的成年社区群体.
研究的目的:
- 为了测量两年来SARS-CoV-2感染和再感染率.
- 评估疫苗接种和先前感染对随后的SARS-CoV-2感染的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在两年内跟踪了1229名参与者,每周收集唾液和定期血液样本.
- 利用唾液逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR) 和血清学用于感染检测和抗体量化.
- 在阳性样本上进行全基因组测序,并在不同SARS-CoV-2变种时期测量感染发病率.
主要成果:
- 确定了1306例感染,总体发病率为每1000人/年591.3.
- 在Omicron-I期间观察到的最高发病率 (1418.1每1000人年).
- 发现既没有先前的感染,也没有疫苗接种在Omicron-I和II期间提供了对感染的保护; 74%的感染无症状.
结论:
- 综合RT-PCR和血清学揭示了高SARS-CoV-2感染频率,许多病例无症状.
- 证明了结合监测策略来监测流行病趋势的价值.
- 证实了非侵入性采样对参与者合规性和反映国家传播模式的有用性.
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