在公共卫生保健系统中实施对怀孕期间物质使用的普遍查
Alesha White1,2, Macy Afsari1, Harini Balakrishnan1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (White, Afsari, Balakrishnan, Chapa, Kim, Mehra, Duryea, Nelson, Ambia, Mcintire, Adhikari).
AJOG global reports
|September 12, 2024
概括
在怀孕期间对物质使用障碍 (SUD) 的普遍查确定了有风险的个体,但错过了超过一半的中度至重度SUD. 有SUD的孕妇经历了更糟糕的结果,突出了需要改进的识别和参与策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 查问卷对于在怀孕期间识别危险物质使用和物质使用障碍 (SUD) 至关重要.
- 在第一次产前接触时普遍实施简短查工具是关键策略.
研究的目的:
- 评估单一机构在普遍实施简要查工具后对孕妇自我报告的物质使用的经验.
- 评估查实施率,与SUD确定的一致性,并比较与中度和重度SUD相关的不良妊娠结果.
主要方法:
- 在一个大型安全网医疗保健系统中进行了前性实施研究.
- 国家药物滥用研究所 (NIDA) 快速屏幕V1.0已集成到电子病历 (EMR) 中,以便在第一次产前接触时进行普遍查.
- 药物使用障碍 (SUD) 通过EMR诊断确定,通过毒理学证实,并根据DSM-5标准分类为中度或严重.
主要成果:
- 全球查发现17.1%的受查的孕妇使用危险物质.
- 药物使用障碍 (SUD) 在1.7%的个人中被确定,其中1.3%的SUD中度或重度.
- 在NIDA的快速检查中,发现48.9%的中度或重度SUD患者,缺少超过50%的高危人群.
- 中度或重度SUD患者不太可能寻求产前护理,更有可能经历早产.
- 暴露于中度或重度SUD的新生儿出生体重较低和NICU入院率较高.
结论:
- 普遍查的实施率很高,特别是在门诊环境中,但NIDA快速查在识别中度至重度SUD方面取得了有限的成功.
- 中度和重度SUD患者主要通过急诊室获得护理,并面临更高的产科和新生儿不良结果率.
- 需要制定未来的战略,以改善SUD孕妇的识别,参与和保留.
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