不平等的威胁增加了普通人,但不是法官,对法庭中的算法决策的接受度
Jonas Ludwig1, Paul-Michael Heineck1, Marie-Theres Hess2
1Department of Psychology II-Social Psychology, Julius-Maximilians-University Wurzburg.
Law and human behavior
|September 12, 2024
概括
当人们认为存在不平等威胁时,法庭对算法决策 (ADM) 的接受度会增加,但法官仍然持怀疑态度. 法官们对ADM的负面态度比一般人群更强.
科学领域:
- 法律技术和计算法.
- 人与计算机在司法系统中的互动.
- 技术接受和司法决策的心理学.
背景情况:
- 算法决策 (ADM) 越来越多地用于刑事司法,为提高司法质量提供了机会.
- 法律和道德方面的担忧,以及德国的数字化努力,需要对ADM接受度进行调查.
- 了解诸如实用动机,公平问题和自我形象等动机因素对于ADM集成至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响ADM在德国司法系统接受的动机因素.
- 测试感知不平等威胁是否会增加ADM的接受度.
- 为了比较司法专家和普通民众对技术创新的怀疑态度.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项预先注册的实验,其中包括来自德国普通人口的298名参与者和267名法官.
- 该研究考察了不平等威胁 (与控制) 与ADM接受,使用意图和态度之间的关系.
- 参与者包括普通人和来自巴伐利亚地区法院的法官.
主要成果:
- 感知不平等威胁显著增加了非专业人士对ADM的接受度和使用意向 (分别为d = 0.24和d = 0.23).
- 在专家 (法官) 中没有观察到这种效应,他们对ADM的态度比一般人群更为负面 (d = -0.71).
- 试验操纵没有影响ADM态度;概括的态度预测了法官的使用意图.
结论:
- 调查结果揭示了在刑事司法背景下对算法厌恶和接受的驱动因素.
- 这项研究为正在进行的关于人与计算机交互中的公平感知讨论提供了信息.
- 讨论了对德国司法实践和ADM监管的影响.
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