假阳性人类免疫缺陷病毒-1检测结果在第三季度Tdap增强疫苗接种后具有快速血清逆转
Karl O A Yu1, Seth R Glassman, Heather M Link
1Departments of Pediatrics (Infectious Diseases), Medicine (Infectious Diseases), and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, and Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, New York.
Obstetrics and gynecology
|September 12, 2024
概括
最近在一名孕妇中进行的一次Tdap疫苗增强剂导致人体免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 查和确认测试结果呈错误阳性. 快速负面的后续测试表明,对疫苗接种的急性免疫反应导致了临时的HIV测试反应性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
背景情况:
- 假阳性人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 检测结果可能是由于各种因素造成的,包括怀孕,自身免疫疾病和感染.
- 之前的报道记录了特定临床场景中的假阳性艾滋病毒测试,需要仔细解释.
研究的目的:
- 在例行疫苗接种后,报告怀孕患者出现非典型的虚假阳性艾滋病毒检测结果.
- 突出免疫系统触发因素的潜力,如疫苗接种,在艾滋病毒诊断试验中引起暂时反应.
主要方法:
- 一个34岁的孕妇的案例研究,最初的艾滋病毒检测结果为阴性.
- 在孕期晚期给予隔毒素,减少的喉毒素和非细胞性百日咳 (Tdap) 疫苗强剂.
- 接种疫苗后进行的连续HIV检测,包括查和确认测定.
主要成果:
- 该患者最初在HIV-1/2抗原-抗体查和HIV-1抗体差异化免疫试验中呈现出阳性结果.
- 在初始阳性结果后不久进行的后续艾滋病毒检测显示,血清回归迅速变为阴性.
- 通过重复测试和红细胞类型识别,排除了实验室错误和样本处理不当.
结论:
- 在7天前接种Tdap疫苗的强化剂与假阳性HIV查和确认测试结果有关.
- 从阳性到阴性艾滋病毒检测结果的快速转变表明了急性免疫学触发因素,可能与疫苗有关.
- 临床医生应考虑最近接种疫苗或其他免疫触发器作为假阳性艾滋病毒测试的潜在原因,并在怀疑的情况下立即重新测试患者.
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