慢性学术压力与奖励处理动态之间的U形关系
Wei Yi1, Wangxiao Chen1, Biqi Lan1
1School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 3688#, Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China.
NeuroImage
|September 12, 2024
概括
慢性压力会影响奖励处理. 低压和高压水平,与中度压力不同,增加奖励预期,加剧对负面结果的反应,影响心理健康.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 慢性压力与奖励系统功能障碍和心理健康问题有关.
- 人类研究慢性压力对奖励处理动态的影响是有限的.
- 了解压力对奖励预期和消费的影响对于心理健康研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查慢性学术压力和奖励处理动态之间的关系.
- 为了检查压力如何影响奖励预期和奖励消费.
- 利用事件相关潜力 (ERP) 技术来测量神经反应.
主要方法:
- 90名健康的本科生准备参加国家研究生入学考试 (NPEE).
- 一个双门奖励任务被用来评估奖励处理.
- 使用感知压力量表 (PSS) 测量慢性压力水平.
- 使用了与事件相关的潜在 (ERP) 技术,特别是cue-N2和FRN.
主要成果:
- 在预期期间,较低的奖励大小增加了负的Cue-N2振幅.
- 奖励遗漏在消费过程中增加了负的FRN幅度,特别是在高奖励条件下.
- 在PSS得分和Cue-N2/FRN幅度之间发现了U形关系,表明在低压和高压水平下反应加剧.
结论:
- 低或高慢性压力的人与中度压力的人相比,表现出改变的奖励预期和消费.
- 在极端的压力条件下观察到更高的奖励预期和对负面结果的增强反应.
- 这些发现有助于了解与压力相关的奖励功能障碍和心理健康相关的神经机制.
相关概念视频
Psychological Responses to Stress
47
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
47
Stress and Mental Health
86
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
86
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
193
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Primary Appraisal:...
193
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
59.7K
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
59.7K
Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle
89
Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
89
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques II
35
Personality types, particularly Type A and Type B, significantly influence how individuals respond to stress. These personality distinctions are marked by varying levels of ambition, competitiveness, and coping styles, all of which shape an individual's resilience to stressors.
Type A Personality: Driven and Easily Stressed
Individuals with Type A personalities are often highly competitive and ambitious and operate with a strong sense of urgency. Commonly labeled as...
Type A Personality: Driven and Easily Stressed
Individuals with Type A personalities are often highly competitive and ambitious and operate with a strong sense of urgency. Commonly labeled as...
35


